#1
Oldest of the 5 methods
Post and Lintel
This method bridges a space between two columns with a series of wedge-shaped masonry blocks
rounded arch
A radial form of arch that covers a circular, octagonal, or square area.
Dome
Like post and lintel, this method typically uses vertical and horizontal members, but the vertical members are NOT load bearing.
frame construction
By the 1800’s steel rods or cables were embedded into the concrete for strength. This material became known as
ferroconcrete
True or False:
Lintels are vertical
Posts-vertical
Lintels-horizontal
The wedge-shaped stones, called THIS of a rounded arch are held in place by a temporary scaffolding until topmost stone, called THIS, is inserted.
voussoir
keystone
Another name for the Cathedral of Florence (Italy, 1421-36 AD)- the first large domed structure to be built since ancient Rome.
The Duomo
After 1860, these two materials allowed architects to design huge enclosed spaces that were sturdy and, unlike wood, resistant to rot, pests, and fire.
steel and iron
Ferroconcrete is more versatile than other materials, allowing it be constructed into more ___________ shapes rather than strictly geometric ones.
organic
Maximum stress is called this
tensile strength
Because the walls or piers supporting the arch need to be very thick or given extra strength, this is done to avoid it collapse.
Buttressing
Since a masonry dome would be too heavy, the Colosseum originally had a retractable roof called a
velarium
The first major advance in commercial high-rise architecture.
Louis Sullivan Wainwright Building, St. Louis Missouri. 1890-91.
Born in 1867, he became one of the most respected American architects of the twentieth century.
Frank Lloyd Wright
max distance between posts
20 feet
By extending an arch’s depth, it is possible to THIS- a corridor for passage or shelter.
Barrel vault
A hallmark of Russian architecture featuring colorful onion-shaped domes.
St. Basil's Cathedral
These two things encouraged architects to take advantage of vertical airspace, resulting in the modern skyscraper.
metal frame construction
passenger elevator
Ferroconcrete-designed museum in NYC
Guggenheim
4 Examples of Post and Lintel
Stonehenge
Parthenon
Golden Pavilion
Temple of Horus
The Labna Vault, constructed by the Mayans of Central America in 400-200 BCE, preceded the rounded arch of the Romans with their use of this.
Corbeled Arch
One of the largest brick domes in the world and a masterpiece of Islamic architecture
Dome of Soltaniyeh
A Megatall skyscraper in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, it is the world's tallest structure, with a total height of 2,722 feet
The Burj Khalifa
The Wotruba Church, officially known as the Church of the Most Holy Trinity, was constructed between 1974-1976 in Vienna, Austria. It is a renowned example of this type of architecture.
Brutalist