Epidemiology of Medical Emergencies
What is an MDQ?
medically disqualifying injury
How often should EAPs be reviewed and practiced?
at least annually
What is the gold standard time from collapse to shock?
3-5 minutes
What is a NATA-led program that provides crisis management?
AT Cares
According to the NATA Position Statement, which of the following is a required component of an effective Emergency Action Plan (EAP) ?
A) Clear identification of personnel roles and responsibilities
B) A standard script for public announcements during games
C) A generalized emergency protocol for all venues
D) A rotating list of available athletic training staff
A) Clear identification of personnel roles and responsibilities
True or False: most injuries occur during competition as opposed to practice for HS sports
True: 60% occurred in competition; 40% occurred during practice
What is the main reason for lawsuits related to adverse patient outcomes in favor of the plantiff?
documentation and practice
What is the average response time of 911
5-7 minutes
What 4 things do all trauma centers require?
quality improvement, public education, continuing education, post-hospital care
According to the NATA Position Statement Preventing Sudden Death in Sports, what is the most important factor in preventing sudden death in sport?
A) Access to protective equipment
B) Preparticipation physical examinations
C) The type of sport played
D) Early recognition and appropriate care
D) Early recognition and appropriate care
True or False: critical incidents are unexpected traumatic events that involve threat or invokes fear, stress, or injury
True
What is the job of an EAP coordinator?
facilitates the development, implementation, distribution, and review of the EAP for each venue
What are the 3 Cs to inital patient assessment and care?
Check (the scene to make sure it's safe, what happened, ABCs)
Call (911 with proper directions & meet/direct EMS)
Care (calm/reassure patient, reassess & monitor vitals, immobilize injury, CPR/AED & first aid)
What should you hold before the start of each athletic event?
a medical time out
Which of the following are recommended components of a comprehensive Emergency Action Plan (EAP) according to the NATA Position Statement? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A) Designation of emergency equipment and its location
B) Detailed, venue-specific emergency procedures
C) Pre-event hydration protocols
D) Written documentation and regular review of the plan
E) Identification of the closest pharmacy
F) Training and responsibilities for all involved personnel
A) Designation of emergency equipment and its location
B) Detailed, venue-specific emergency procedures
D) Written documentation and regular review of the plan
F) Training and responsibilities for all involved personnel
What three sports have the highest incidences of medically disqualifying injuries?
football, gymnastics, and wrestling
optimizing patient outcomes, development, implementation, response
What are the 4 roles of the emergency team?
1. immediate care of athlete
2. emergency equipment retrieval
3. activate EMS
4. direct EMS to scene
What is the difference between a level 1 and level 2 trauma center?
Level 1 trauma centers are attached to a teaching school/hospital
According to the Inter-Association Task Force, which of the following are recommended components of an emergency action plan (EAP) for sudden cardiac arrest? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A) Designating a chain of command for emergency response
B) Requiring all coaches to hold First Aid certification
C) Having access to a BVM and Oxygen at all times
D) Ensuring AEDs are located and maintained in all athletic venues
E) Regularly rehearsing EAPs with all potential responders
A) Designating a chain of command for emergency response
D) Ensuring AEDs are located and maintained in all athletic venues
E) Regularly rehearsing EAPs with all potential responders
What are the 4 conditions that make up 90% of catastrophic injuries in HS athletes?
cardiac issues, exertional heat stroke, head & spine injuries, exertional sickling
What 3 things should EAPs include?
EAP coordinator & institutional admin contact info
Location & type of emergency equipment available
Detailed floor plans & maps of property
You are calling 911, what should you tell the operator?
your name, location, address, and phone number
description of the scene & exact location of pt
patient's name and age
patient's condition or disposition
specific directions to locate the scene
When transferring care, what should you relay to advanced medical personnel?
1. opening info (what happened)
2. detailed info (who pt is)
3. important pt history
4. pertinent findings of the physical exam
5. patient's response to treatment
6. vital signs
7. other info
Which of the following are key components of a Medical Time Out (MTO)? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A) Reviewing the emergency action plan (EAP) with all medical and emergency personnel
B) Establishing communication protocols and backup communication methods
C) Conducting a full physical exam on each athlete before competition
D) Identifying the designated hospital for emergency transport
E) Practicing all emergency procedures on the field prior to each game
F) Confirming the presence and location of emergency medical equipment
A) Reviewing the emergency action plan (EAP) with all medical and emergency personnel
B) Establishing communication protocols and backup communication methods
D) Identifying the designated hospital for emergency transport
F) Confirming the presence and location of emergency medical equipment