Know Your Role
a set of rigid categories in ancient India that determined a person’s occupation and economic potential, as well as his or her position in society, based partly on skin color
Caste System
the system of political and ethical ideas formulated by the Chinese philosopher Confucius toward the end of the Zhou dynasty; it was intended to help restore order to a society that was in a state of confusion based on constant self-improvement, a quest for knowledge, and devotion to public service
Confucianism
a religious doctrine introduced in northern India in the sixth century BC by Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha, or “Enlightened One”
Buddhism
wall built on the northern border that was originally a third of a mile, it was built to keep out nomadic tribes on the fringe of China that were skilled at fighting on horseback
The Great Wall of China
relating to, or suited for war or a warrior
Martial
the government in power
Regime
government formed by 3 people with equal power
Triumvirate
the major Indian religious system, which had its origins in the religious beliefs of the Aryans who settled in in India after 1500 BC
Hinduism
a route between the Roman Empire and China, so called because silk was China’s most valuable product
Silk Road
government in which the leader is not the king and certain citizens have the right to vote
Republic
social class of minor landholders, craftspeople, merchants, and small farmers
Plebian
the administrative service of a government, not including the armed forces, in which appointments are determined by competitive examination
Civil Service
a system of ideas based on the teachings of Laozi, teaches that the will of Heaven is best followed through inaction so that nature is allowed to take its course
Daoism
dominant male head of the household; includes wife, sons, their wives and children, unmarried daughters, and slaves
Paterfamilias
commander in chief, Latin origin of the word emperor
Imperator
the name given by Aryans in ancient India to a group of people in what was believed to be an ideal social structure of four groups
Varnas
a popular philosophy developed in China toward the end of the Zhou dynasty, it proposes that human beings are evil by nature and can be brought to the correct path only by harsh laws
Legalism
in Buddhism, ultimate reality, the end of the self and a reunion with the Great World Soul
Nirvana
(206 BC – 220 AD) centralized monarchy with the emperor at the head, supported by a large bureaucracy and a structured system of civil administration; also developed the Silk Road that followed by immense wealth and advancements in Science, Philosophy, and technology (paper, compass)
The Han Dynasty
part of the Chinese bureaucracy that made sure government officials were doing their jobs
Censorate
social class of wealthy, powerful landowners, form the ruling class
Patrician
chief executive officer in republic, 2 elected each year in Rome to run the government and lead the army into battle
Consul
In Hinduism, the divine law that rules karma, it requires all people to do their duty based on their status in society
Dharma
(221 – 206 BC) original imperial dynasty of unified China, establishing a centralized government, and standardizing systems for writing, weights, and currency; famous for massive engineering projects like the Great Wall of China and terracotta sculptures
The Qin Dynasty
official in republic in charge of enforcing civil law
Praetor