Water
Potable Water
Water that is safe and clean to drink; free from harmful chemicals and microorganisms.
A Horizon (Topsoil)
The uppermost soil layer rich in organic matter; most important for plant growth.
Wildlife Management
The science of maintaining wildlife populations and habitats for sustainable use.
Forest Region
A geographic area characterized by specific tree types and growing conditions.
Northern Coniferous Forest, Pacific Coast Forest, Southern Forests
Sawtimber
Trees large enough to be cut into lumber.
Freshwater
Water that is not salty; found in rivers, lakes, glaciers, and groundwater.
Soil Profile
A vertical section of soil showing all of its layers (horizons)
Carrying Capacity
The number of animals a habitat can support throughout the year without degradation.
Conifer
A cone-bearing, needle-leaved tree (evergreen). (SOFTWOODS)
Board Foot
A unit for measuring lumber volume equal to 144 cubic inches
Universal Solvent
A substance (water) capable of dissolving or changing most materials it contacts.
Single Grain Structure
Loose, sandy soil with little aggregation.
Overpopulation
When wildlife numbers exceed the carrying capacity, leading to starvation and disease.
Hardwood
Deciduous trees that shed leaves annually (e.g., oak, maple, walnut).
Environmental Indicator Species
Animals whose presence or absence signals the health of an environment.
Watershed
A large land area that collects and drains water into a common outlet such as a river, lake, or ocean
Land Capability Map
A map that shows how land can best be used based on soil, slope, and other factors.
Endangered Species
A species at risk of extinction due to habitat loss, pollution, or overhunting.
Silviculture
The science of managing the growth, health, and quality of forests.
Sheet Erosion
Removal of thin layers of soil from a large area.
Hygroscopic Water
Water held so tightly by soil particles that plant roots cannot absorb it.
Land Capability Classes
A system that ranks land I–VIII based on its potential use and limitations.
Class I–II: Excellent for crops.
Class VII: Steep land; best for trees.
Class VIII: Best for wildlife or recreation.
Conservation
Protection and responsible management of natural habitats and wildlife.
Pulpwood
Wood used for making paper and pulp products.
Gully Erosion
Deep channels formed as water cuts through soil.