Alpha
The percentage of cases with scores at or below a given level in a frequency distribution.
What does percentile rank mean?
A predictor variable is used to predict a case's score on another variable and the prediction equation takes the form of a straight line.
What does linear regression mean?
The score that occurs with the greatest frequency
What does the term Mode mean?
The Anova result is the ratio of between group variability to within group variability. The result is abbreviated as this letter.
What is the symbol F?
An inferential statistical test used to compare two independent samples.
What is an independent t-test?
an extreme score that falls far away from the rest of the scores in a set of data
What is an outlier?
When the selection of cases for one sample has no impact on the selection of cases for another sample.
What does independent samples mean?
A measure of how far away a score falls from the mean.
What does deviation score mean?
The variable where the effect is measured in an experimental study: an outcome variable
What does dependent variable mean?
An effect size that calculates the percentage of variability in the outcome variable accounted for by the explanatory variable.
What does eta squared mean?
The observed difference between sample means is large enough to conclude that it represents a difference between population means.
What does statistical significance mean?
When the selection of cases for one sample has no impact on the selection of cases for another sample.
What does random sample mean?
A third variable in correlational and quasi-experimental designs that is not controlled for and that has an impact on both of the other variables.
What is a confounding variable?
The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the null hypothesis should be rejected
What is power?
How much variety (spread or dispersion) there is in a set of scores
What is variability?
A measure of variablity for interval or ratio level data, the square root of the variance; a measure of the average distance that scores fall from the mean.
What is a standard deviation?
A proposed explanation for observed facts.
What is a hypothesis?
The value of the test statistic that forms the boundary between the rare zone and the common zone of the sampling distribution of the test statistic.
What is a critical value?
The variable that is controlled by the experimenter in an experimental design
What is an independent variable?
A follow up test to a statistically significant ANOVA engineered to find out which pairs of means differ.
What is a post hoc test?
A measure that purely categorizes things and has no ratio value.
What is an ordinal level measure?
The statement about the shape that a sampling distribution of the mean takes if the size of the samples is large and every possible sample were obtained.
What is the Central Limit Theorem?
A statement that the explanatory variable has an effect on the outcome variable in the population.
What is an alternative hypothesis?
A sampling strategy in which cases are selected for study based on the ease with which they can be obtained.
What is a convenience sample?
A raw score expressed in terms of how many standard deviations it is away from the mean, also known as a standard score.
What is a z-score?