客観的とは
In the Ptolemaic system, and in the creation myth of the Bible, human beings were (a ) a central position in the universe ( ) which they were thrown out by Copernicus. (E ) ( ), scientists eager to (d ) the lesson (h ) have urged us, (r ) and repeatedly, to abandon all sentimental egoism, and to see ourselves (o ) in the true perspective of time and space.
In the Ptolemaic system, and in the creation myth of the Bible, human beings were (assigned) a central position in the universe (from) which they were thrown out by Copernicus. (Ever) (since), scientists eager to (drive) the lesson (home) have urged us, (resolutedly) and repeatedly, to abandon all sentimental egoism, and to see ourselves (objectively) in the true perspective of time and space.
Instead, Mischel discovered something interesting when he studied the (t ) percentage of kids who could successfully wait for the second treat. Without (e ), these “high delayers” all (r ) on the same mental strategy: These kids found a way to ( ) themselves ( ) (t ) about the treat, directing their (g ) away from the yummy marshmallow.
Instead, Mischel discovered something interesting when he studied the (tiny) percentage of kids who could successfully wait for the second treat. Without (exception), these “high delayers” all (relied) on the same mental strategy: These kids found a way to (keep) themselves (from) (thinking) about the treat, directing their (gaze) away from the yummy marshmallow.
「あなたは小さな工場の経営者です。現在、経済は景気後退の状況にあります。この景気後退が続いた場合、従業員の33%を解雇しなければならなくなるでしょう。この可能性について従業員全員に警告する手紙を書いてください。」[2017一橋大・後期]
You are the owner of a small factory. Currently, the economy is in a (r ). If the (r ) continues, you will have to ( ) ( ) 33% of your (e ). Write a letter to all of your (e ) warning them of this possibility.
You are the owner of a small factory. Currently, the economy is in a (recession). If the (recession) continues, you will have to (lay) (off) 33% of your (employees). Write a letter to all of your (employees) warning them of this possibility.
「南北戦争後、解放された奴隷を雇用する手段として設けられた二層構造の最低賃金制度は、特異な時代錯誤である。」[2023早稲田大・社学]
The two-tiered minimum (w ) system, as a means to hire freed slaves after the Civil War, is a peculiar ( ).
The two-tiered minimum (wage) system, as a means to hire freed slaves after the Civil War, is a peculiar (anachronism).
Or, if we decided to examine the universe “objectively” in the (s ) of paying equal attention to portions of equal ( ), this would result ( ) a lifelong (p ) with interstellar dust, (r ) only at brief intervals by a survey of the dazzlingly bright moment of a star’s birth or death — not in a thousand million lifetimes ( ) the turn come for giving human beings even a second’s notice.
Or, if we decided to examine the universe “objectively” in the (sense) of paying equal attention to portions of equal (mass), this would result (in) a lifelong (preoccupation) with interstellar dust, (relieved) only at brief intervals by a survey of the dazzlingly bright moment of a star’s birth or death — not in a thousand million lifetimes (would) the turn come for giving human beings even a second’s notice.
For instance, when Mischel (f ) up ( ) the initial subjects thirteen years later — they were now high school seniors — he realized that their performance on the marshmallow task had been highly ( ) on a vast range of (m ).
For instance, when Mischel (followed) up (with) the initial subjects thirteen years later — they were now high school seniors — he realized that their performance on the marshmallow task had been highly (predictive) on a vast range of (metrics).
「人々は自分の誤った仮定を認めることに消極的であり、むしろその仮定が正しいと証明されるまで、頑なにそれを守り続けます。 」[2017慶應義塾大・総合政策]
People are (r ) to admit their erroneous assumptions, and instead, persistently (a ) by them until their assumptions turn out to be true.
People are (reluctant) to admit their erroneous assumptions, and instead, persistently (abide) by them until their assumptions turn out to be true.
「利益を得るチャンスがあると気づいたジラールは、ブリキ缶を商品化したいと考えました。明らかな選択肢はフランスで自分の発明を特許化することでしたが、ジラールは自国の時間のかかる官僚制度に嫌気が差していました。」[2023お茶の水女子]
Realizing there was money to be made, Girard wanted to commercialize the tin can. The obvious move would have been to (p ) his invention in France, but Girard was (p ) (o ) by the time-consuming bureaucracy in his home country.
Realizing there was money to be made, Girard wanted to commercialize the tin can. The obvious move would have been to (patent) his invention in France, but Girard was (put) (off) by the time-consuming bureaucracy in his home country.
( ) as human beings, we must inevitably see the universe from a center lying within ourselves and speak about it ( ) ( ) ( ) a human language shaped by the necessities of human relations; so that any attempt rigorously to (e ) our human evaluation from our picture of the world must lead to (a ).
(For) as human beings, we must inevitably see the universe from a center lying within ourselves and speak about it (in) (terms) (of) a human language shaped by the necessities of human relations; so that any attempt rigorously to (eliminate) our human evaluation from our picture of the world must lead to (absurdity).
These (c ) demonstrate the importance of (l ) to strategically allocate our attention. When we properly control the spotlight, we can (r ) negative thoughts and dangerous (t ). We can walk away from fights and (i ) our (o ) (a ) addiction. Our decisions are driven by the facts and feelings (b ) around the brain — the allocation of attention allows us to direct this (h ) process, as we consciously (s ) the thoughts we want to think about.
These (correlations) demonstrate the importance of (learning) to strategically allocate our attention. When we properly control the spotlight, we can (resist) negative thoughts and dangerous (temptations). We can walk away from fights and (improve) our (odds) (against) addiction. Our decisions are driven by the facts and feelings (bouncing) around the brain — the allocation of attention allows us to direct this (haphazard) process, as we consciously (select) the thoughts we want to think about.
「もちろん、知性を鍛えることなく情報を伝えることは可能です。それは可能であるだけでなく、容易であり、しばしば行われています。しかし、情報を伝えることなしに、あるいはいずれにせよ知識を習得させることなしに知性を鍛えることは不可能だと私は考えています。」[2020京都教育大・前期]
It is, of course, possible to (i ) information in ways that do not train intelligence; it is not only possible, but easy, and frequently done. But I do not believe that it is possible to train intelligence without (i ) information, or ( ) any ( ) causing knowledge to be acquired.
It is, of course, possible to (impart) information in ways that do not train intelligence; it is not only possible, but easy, and frequently done. But I do not believe that it is possible to train intelligence without (impart) information, or (at) any (rate) causing knowledge to be acquired.
「まだ食べられる食品を捨てること消費期限が近づいた時」[2023慶應義塾大・商]
throwing away a still (e ) product as the (e ) date nears
throwing away a still (edible) product as the (expiration) date nears
The only justification for this (l ) in the greater intellectual satisfaction he derived from the heavenly panorama ( ) (s ) from the sun instead of the earth. Copernicus gave (p ) to man’s delight in abstract theory, at the (p ) of rejecting the evidence of our (s ) which present us with the irresistible fact of the sun, the moon, and the stars rising daily in the east to travel across the sky toward their (s ) in the west. In a literal sense, therefore, the new Copernican system was as (h ) as the Ptolemaic view, the difference being merely that it preferred to satisfy a different human (i ).
The only justification for this (lay) in the greater intellectual satisfaction he derived from the heavenly panorama (as) (seen) from the sun instead of the earth. Copernicus gave (preference) to man’s delight in abstract theory, at the (price) of rejecting the evidence of our (senses) which present us with the irresistible fact of the sun, the moon, and the stars rising daily in the east to travel across the sky toward their (setting) in the west. In a literal sense, therefore, the new Copernican system was as (human-centered) as the Ptolemaic view, the difference being merely that it preferred to satisfy a different human (inclination).
Furthermore, this mental skill is (g ) more valuable. We live, ( ) ( ), in the age of information, which (m ) the ability to focus on the important information incredibly important. (Herbert Simon said it best: “A (w ) of information creates a (p ) of attention.”)
Furthermore, this mental skill is (getting) more valuable. We live, (after) (all), in the age of information, which (makes) the ability to focus on the important information incredibly important. (Herbert Simon said it best: “A (wealth) of information creates a (poverty) of attention.”)
「今日は、学生ディベートの第一回目を行います。本日取り上げるテーマは「国内航空旅行は抑制されるべきである」です。最初に、この提案に賛成の立場で意見を述べるのはケイコさんです。その後、反対の立場で話していただくのはジュンコさんです。それでは、ケイコさん、お願いします。」[2015東北大・前期]
Today we have the first of our student debates. The topic this morning is air travel, and the argument is, "(D ) air travel in Japan should be (d )." Keiko will first argue ( ) (f ) ( ) the proposal and Junko will speak against. Over to you, Keiko.
Today we have the first of our student debates. The topic this morning is air travel, and the argument is, "(Domestic) air travel in Japan should be (discouraged)." Keiko will first argue (in) (favour) (of) the proposal and Junko will speak against. Over to you, Keiko.
「女性や女の子は、科学、技術、工学、数学（STEM）の教育や職業において十分に代表されていません。女性がSTEM分野で少ないよくある説明の一つとして、数学の成績における性差、特に空間認識能力で男性が優位であることが挙げられます。」[2021神戸大]
Women and girls are underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education and careers. One (p ) explanation for women's underrepresentation in STEM is the gender gap in math performance favoring males, particularly spatial skills.
Women and girls are underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education and careers. One (prevalent) explanation for women's underrepresentation in STEM is the gender gap in math performance favoring males, particularly spatial skills.
So that, the theory being placed like a ( ) between our (s ) and the things of which our senses (o ) would gain a more immediate impression, we would rely increasingly on (t ) guidance for the interpretation of our experience, and would correspondingly (r ) the status of our raw impressions to that of (u ) or altogether misleading appearances.
So that, the theory being placed like a (screen) between our (senses) and the things of which our senses (otherwise) would gain a more immediate impression, we would rely increasingly on (theoretical) guidance for the interpretation of our experience, and would correspondingly (reduce) the status of our raw impressions to that of (unreliable) or altogether misleading appearances.
The brain is a (b ) machine, and the world is a confusing place, full of data and (d ). Intelligence is the ability to (p ) the data ( ) ( ) it makes just a little bit more (s ). Like willpower, this ability requires the strategic allocation of attention.
The brain is a (bounded) machine, and the world is a confusing place, full of data and (distractions). Intelligence is the ability to (parse) the data (so) (that) it makes just a little bit more (sense). Like willpower, this ability requires the strategic allocation of attention.
炭治郎の名言「一番弱い人が一番可能性を持ってるんだよ、玄弥」を訳して。
The ( ) person has the greatest ( ), Genya.
The (weakest) person has the greatest (potential), Genya.