Definitions
Define life expectancy
the number of years of life on average remaining to an individual at a particular age if death rates do not change.
define the social model of health
an approach that recognises improvements in health and wellbeing can only be achieved by directing effort towards addressing the physical, sociocultural and political environments of health that have an impact on individuals and population groups
This demographic is at increased risk of injury-related death
young males (especially aged 15–24)
2 old public health initiatives
Improved water and sanitation systems
Better housing conditions
mass immunisation programs
Improved food and nutrition regulations
Quarantine laws
Public health campaigns and education
name 2 OTO golden rules
- Therefore
- Default to Education
- 2 pieces of data
- Space out answers
biomedical approach
focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness; a medical model practised by doctors and health professionals and is associated with the diagnosis, treatment and cure of disease
define the Ottawa charter for health promotion
an approach to health developed by the World Health Organization that aims to reduce inequalities in health. It reflects the social model of health and provides five action areas that can be used as a basis for improving health outcomes.
what are the 5 categories of disease
infectious and parasitic diseases, injury and poisoning, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancers (neoplasms)
__________ refers to a historical approach to health that occurred during the 1900s.
old public health
What is otos fav Facebook marketplace item
bonus: what was the price
the stairmaster
$1000
government actions that focused on changing the physical environment to prevent the spread of disease, such as providing safe water, sanitation and sewage disposal, improved nutrition, improved housing conditions and better work conditions
name 2 strengths of the Social Model of health
It takes a more holistic approach to health and wellbeing.
It is less expensive than the biomedical approach.
It focuses on vulnerable population groups.
The responsibility for health and wellbeing is shared.
2 infectious diseases that were responsible for the increase in death rates in the early part of the twentieth century?
a. Identify three action areas of the Ottawa Charter.
one in ____
all in
define sanitation
the process of eliminating contact between humans and hazardous wastes, including human and animal faeces and urine, solid wastes, domestic wastewater (sewage and grey water), industrial wastes and agricultural wastes
4 Limitations of the social model
Not every illness or condition can be prevented.
It does not promote the development of technology and medical knowledge.
It does not address the health and wellbeing concerns of individuals.
Health promotion messages may be ignored.
Explain why many deaths due to war are not represented in the data for injury and poisoning.
1 mark
Many deaths that occurred due to war are not represented in the data for injury and poisoning because deaths that occurred overseas were not counted as part of Australian official mortality statistics.
define health promotion
the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health
what is the coffee shop girl name
sylvia
define sphygmomanometer
an instrument used for measuring blood pressure. It typically has an inflatable rubber cuff that is applied to the arm. The blood pressure is taken by gradually increasing and decreasing the pressure in the cuff
Towards the 1970s, as ______________ decreased, _____________ began to increase.
infectious diseases, lifestyle diseases
Child mortality rates from infectious and parasitic diseases have decreased in Australia since 1900. Outline two reasons for why infectious and parasitic death rates in children have decreased.
Valid reasons could include:
On the 11th of March, 2020, the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Director-General, Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus officially declared the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) a global pandemic. He stated that countries should ‘take urgent and aggressive action’ to reduce the spread of COVID-19 (WHO, 2020).
Discuss how both the biomedical and social models of health could be used to reduce mortality and morbidity from COVID-19.
sample answer: The biomedical model of health could be used to reduce mortality from COVID-19 through antiviral medication.(1)This involves giving antiviral medication to people who have contracted COVID-19 to help manage their symptoms, which will enable patients to recover and heal, therefore reducing mortality due to COVID-19.(2)Furthermore, the social model of health could be used to reduce the morbidity associated with COVID-19 through promoting behavioural changes that help to reduce the spread of the virus.(3)For example, campaigns to educate the public about the importance of social distancing, wearing masks, and only leaving the house for essential activities would help to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 in the community, thus reducing morbidity related to COVID-19.(4)
who would you go to for breastfeeding queries?
miss miller!