Iberian Empires
Colonial Rivals
100

This 1494 agreement moved the line dividing Spanish and Portuguese claims west of the Cape Verde Islands.

Treaty of Tordesillas

100

The Portuguese first established these trading posts in Brazil to exchange goods with Indigenous peoples.

What are feitorias?

200

The Treaty of Tordesillas gave Portugal a claim to this large northeastern part of South America.

What is Brazil

200

This cash crop made two early Portuguese settlements in Brazil prosper and helped drive the colony’s plantation economy.

sugar

300

Spain’s huge American colony, established in 1535 and governed from Mexico City, was called this.

New Spain

300

English mainland colonies on North America’s eastern coast grew this cash crop, while Caribbean colonies also produced rum and sugar.

what is tobacco?

400

This official, whose title literally means “vice king,” governed a Spanish colony for the monarch.

what is a viceroy?
400

After selling a North American colony that later became New York, this European power retained settlements on Caribbean islands.

Who are the Dutch

500

These large Spanish colonies depended heavily on the world’s richest silver mines, sugar production, and natural dyes.

What are the Viceroyalties of New Spain and Peru?

500

This empire created fur-trading outposts in the far Pacific Northwest of the Americas.

Who are the Russians?