Other than Darwin, who else created a theory of evolution?
Alfred Russel
100
What are the 3 major phenomena talked about for the theory of evolution by natural selection?
Fossil records, homologous anatomical structures, and artificial selection.
100
Variation is closely related to how ------ an organism is.
Successful
100
Mutations can lead not only to beneficial effects but also to what?
Diseases, for example PKU in humans
100
Darwin coined a phrase that is used even up to today to describe how some organisms will be better in accessing certain resources than others. What is it?
Survival of the fittest
200
Define Evolution
Evolution is the process of cumulative change in the heritable characteristics of a population.
200
What do paleontologists study that can tell you how life was like millions of years ago & providing evidence for evolution.
Fossil records
200
What did Wallace and Darwin suggest as a mechanism providing evidence to evolution?
Natural selection
200
Besides choice of mate, There are also two other reason why organisms show variation. What are they?
mutations in DNA, and sexual reproduction greatly promotes variation in species.
200
Antibiotics are medications such as penicillin which kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. An overuse of these however can cause what?
It can lead to the production of resistant strains of bacteria
300
Where did Charles Darwin go to study evolution?
The Galapagos Island
300
Humans can also effect the course of evolution, what is it called?
Artificial selection
300
A bird who has very similar pigments to the surrounding area is more likely to survive than a bird who has very conspicuous colors. This is an example of what?
Camouflage
300
Mutations do not occur often, when they do they can be advantageous but are most often what?
Most effects are neither useful nor harmful
300
Although evolution can take a long time, natural selection is considered what?
It can sometimes be quick, taking place over months, years, or decades rather than months.
400
In what year did Darwin start his exploration?
1831
400
A whale, a human and a bat all have similar anatomical structures in their hands, fin or wings. What are they an example of?
They are all pentadactyl examples
400
While a bird with a more conspicuous color is more likely to attract predators it might also be more likely to ------ mates.
Attract
400
Sexual reproduction is one of the best ways to produce mutations. It has two ways to mix genes, what are they?
Meiosis, and fertilization
400
Since bacteria reproduce asexually, they generally do not change often however there are ways it can change its genetic make up. What are these ways?
Mutations and plasmid transfer
500
What was the first things Darwin noticed on evolution?
The finches beaks and the tortoise shells
500
When we compare a whales' front fin to the forearm of a human or even a bat wing, what bones do you find?
The humerus, radius, ulna, and carpals
500
Plants and animals produce many more offspring than are likely to survive to adulthood, why?
This is because of supply and demand, the consequence of this is competition for these resources in order to stay alive. This is called the struggle for survival
500
How do you know when a sperm cell meets and fuses with an egg?
You don't, there is an amount of chance and luck involved that make sit impossible to know.
500
Pesticides are chemicals which kill pests such as rats. Farmers use them and while it may kill most rats that are some that due to slight variations don't die which can lead to a pesticide resistant rats. This example along with the example of bacteria are organisms that did not choose to adapt but they did. Why?
Because of the environmental conditions. They didn't choose to adapt but adaptation occurs due to the result of environmental conditions.