DNA Replication
What does the helicase do?
unzips (or unwinds) the DNA strand
What is the central dogma of biology?
DNA-mRNA-Protein
Another word for body cell.
Somatic cell
mutation that shifts all of the rest of the letters over.
frameshift
number of stands in a DNA
What does the ligase do?
"glues" the DNA fragments together
Convert GCTACAGGTTTGCAG to mRNA.
CGAUGUCCAAACGUC
Called ____ in females
eggs
adding one or more nucleotides.
insertion
types of bases in an RNA
A,U,C,G
adds nucleotides & nitrogenous bases
What do organisms use DNAs instuctions to make?
Proteins
What are autosomes?
chromosomes that carry traits
Mutation that results in the wrong amino acid.
missense
what type of sugar is in DNA
deoxyribose sugar
When does DNA replication happen?
s-phase of interphase
Translation is the _____ step of protein synthesis. It takes place in ______ of the cell.
Translation & cytoplasm
During which phase of meiosis does genetic variation begin?
Prophase
what type of mutation is this?
Original-ATA GCC GTA ACT
Mutated-ATA TGC CGT AAC T
insertion
What are all the nitrogenous bases
A,U,T,C,G
What does semiconservative mean?
each new strand of DNA has a little bit of old DNA still in it
DNA & mRNA
What are the 2 mechanisms that create genetic variation during meiosis?
crossing over & random assertment
mutation that changes the amino acid to a stop codon
nonsense
what is the biggest part of a nitrogenous base?
5 sugar