Quotes
"Man . . . hath by nature a power . . . to preserve his property—that is, his life, liberty, and estate—against the injuries and attempts of other men."
Who is John Locke?
a list of basic human rights that a government must protect
What is a Bill of Rights?
a period from the late 1600s to the late 1700s in Europe, in which people changed their outlook on life by seeing reason as the key to human progress
What is the Age of Enlightenment?
Ideas from these two ancient civilizations, such as representative government, inspired Enlightenment philosophers.
What are Greece and Rome?
"I detest what you write, but I would give my life to make it possible for you to continue to write."
Who is Voltaire?
a form of government in which the monarch’s power is limited by a basic set of laws
What is a Constitutional Monarchy?
rights that belong to people “by nature,” simply because they are human beings
What are Natural Rights?
The humanists of this time period, questioned accepted beliefs and celebrated the dignity and worth of the individual. Which would then heavily influence the age of Enlightenment itself.
What is the Renaissance?
"When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates, there can be no liberty."
Who is Montesquieu?
the division of powers among branches of government
What is Separation of Powers?
an agreement in which people give power to a government in exchange for its protections
What is a Social Contract?
Believing that nature followed rules set by a Creator and that progress showed God’s goodness shows how Enlightenment thinkers related to this.
What is Religion?
"The condition of man . . . is a condition of war of everyone against everyone."
Who is Thomas Hobbes?
rule by a single person with absolute power
What is Despotism?
a Swiss philosopher, composer, writer, and botanist who played a key role in the Enlightenment who while not one of the four thinkers we talked about in detail, we still talked about.
Who is Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
This revolution relied heavily on observation and reason were revealing natural laws that applied throughout the physical world.
What is The Scientific Revolution?