DNA Basics
What does DNA stand for?
What is Deoxyribonucleic Acid?
During DNA replication, which enzyme unzips the DNA strand?
What is helicase?
What is the first step of protein synthesis?
What is transcription?
Transcription occurs in the ______, while translation occurs in the ______.
What are the nucleus and the cytoplasm?
A mutation that changes one base pair in DNA is called a ______ mutation.
What is a point mutation?
What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?
What are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine?
What is the role of DNA polymerase in replication?
What is to add complementary nucleotides to the growing strand?
What molecule carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome?
What is mRNA?
During transcription, DNA is used as a template to make what molecule?
What is mRNA?
What type of mutation involves changes in the structure or number of chromosomes?
What are chromosomal mutations?
DNA is structured as a double _____.
What is a helix?
What is the primary purpose of DNA replication?
What is to ensure each daughter cell receives an identical copy of DNA?
tRNA brings ______ to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
What are amino acids?
What three-base sequence on mRNA codes for a specific amino acid?
What is a codon?
Trisomy 21 is also known by what name?
What is Down syndrome?
What type of bond holds the nitrogenous base pairs together?
What is a hydrogen bond?
The strand synthesized continuously in replication is called the ______ strand.
What is the leading strand?
Proteins are made up of long chains of ______.
What are amino acids?
What is the start codon sequence, and what amino acid does it code for?
What is AUG, and methionine?
Turner syndrome affects females and is caused by the absence of which chromosome?
What is an X chromosome?)
In DNA, adenine pairs with ______ and cytosine pairs with ______.
What are thymine and guanine?
Okazaki fragments are found on the ______ strand during replication.
What is the lagging strand?
What is the name of the bond formed between amino acids?
What is a peptide bond?
What is the function of ribosomes in the cell?
What is to synthesize proteins?
What is the term for a chromosomal mutation in which a section of a chromosome is copied and added to the genome?
What is a duplication?