The End of Sumer
what geographic changee played a key role in the decline of Sumer?
salinization
What city-state was Sargon the Mighty the ruler of?
Akkad
What city-state did Hammurabi rule?
Babylon
What did the name Babylon mena?
Gate of the gods
What are the Hanging Gardens?
A terraced garden tower watered by the Euphrates
What was one result of salinization?
What is an empire?
multiple city-states or territories controlled by a single ruler
What is the Code of Hammurabi?
laws that regulated daily life in the empire
Who was Marduk?
Babylon's chief god
Nebuchadnezzar was a _________ king.
warrior
What sometimes happened to prisoners after battle?
They were killed, sold as slaves, or held for ransom.
How did Sargon control conquered territories?
He appointed governors and kept a permanent army
Why was a single written code important?
It made rules more stable and predictable.
Babylon became a center for what?
trade
Why did Nebuchadnezzar build the hanging gardens?
to please his homesick wife
What ideas started to spread quickly outside of Sumer?
irrigation, division of labor, and cities
What Sumerian practices did the Akkadians adopt?
cuneiform writing and worship of Sumerian gods
How many codes were in the code of Hammurabi?
282
What was the grandest and most impressive gate in Babylon?
the Gate of Ishtar
How did population growth contribute to conflict among the Sumerian city-states?
Land use grew. Rulers argued over politics. City-states fought over land and water.
Identify 2 actions Sargon took to strengthen and govern his empire.
permanent standing army, appointed governors over conquered cities, new capital in Agade, united all of Mesopotamia
What 3 things did the Code of Hammurabi bring the empire?
stability, order, justice
Name 3 ways the Babylonians used the Euphrates River.
trade (cargo ships), irrigation, and mud for bricks
How did Nebuchadnezzar make sure Babylon was secure?