Industrial South
This is the word for building factories and using machines to make goods instead of making things by hand.
Industrialization (or industry)
Many settlers moved west to find this.
This large animal was central to the Plains Indians' way of life before huge numbers of settlers arrived
Buffalo
The Buffalo Soldiers were soldiers of this race in the U.S. Army who served after the Civil War
African-American
What crop did many farmers switch to due to conditions on the Great Plains?
wheat
After the Civil War, the South needed to change from farming only to THIS so it could make more goods and jobs
Industries/Industry/Manufacturing
People who moved to the Great Plains from other countries are called this
Immigrants
Farmers on the Plains often lived in houses made of these blocks of earth because trees were scarce. What are those houses called?
Sod houses (soddies)
Name one reason immigrants might have liked moving to the Great Plains
land, work, freedom, new opportunities
This invention helped farmers break tough prairie soil so it could be farmed more easily (name the tool or inventor if known). Used in dry farming
Steel plow (John Deere)
Name one natural resource in the South that helped industries grow (e.g., for textile mills or ironworks)
Cotton, timber, coal, iron (any one)
This government law (passed in 1862) gave free land to settlers who farmed it for five years. (Name it.)
The Homestead Act
This weather event (very dry over long time) made farming on the Plains hard for many settlers.
drought
Give one reason American Indians resisted settlers moving onto Plains lands
settlers took land, broke treaties, depleted/killed buffalo, and changed hunting grounds
Name one group (besides settlers) that moved into or worked on the Plains after the Civil War.
Buffalo Soldiers, immigrants, railroad workers
This system used to help Southern industry by moving raw materials and finished goods faster (think transportation)
Railroads
List two reasons buffalo soldiers and some settlers might have found life on the Plains dangerous or difficult
animal attacks, harsh weather, lack of water, conflicts with Native Americans, hard to farm soil
Name two ways settlers changed the land on the Great Plains (what did the do or add to the land or area to solve problems or increase settlement)
plowing the prairie, fencing with barbed wire, building railroads, cutting down grassland, killed Buffalo, moved Native Americans off the land
From the perspective of Buffalo Soldiers, name two duties they performed on the Plains
protecting settlers, fighting in battles, guarding mail and railroad construction
Explain how the railroad affected Native American tribes on the Plains (one sentence)
Railroads brought more settlers and soldiers, broke up hunting grounds, and forced tribes off land - also led to the death of buffalo as they hired men to kill the ones on the tracks
Explain one economic reason the South moved toward industrialization after the Civil War (answer in one sentence).
- Confederate money had no value and banks were closed
- had to move from an agricultural economy due to lack labor force
- farms, roads, businesses destroyed by war
Explain how the invention of the steel plow and windmill helped people settle the Great Plains (two-sentence answer).
The steel plow cut prairie soil so farmers could plant seeds (dry farming). Windmills pumped water from underground for crops and animals.
Describe one challenge and one benefit of living on the Great Plains for a new settler (two short sentences).
Challenges: drought, erosion, isolation, hard to farm, conflicts with animals and Native Americans
Benefits: opportunity, free land
Compare in one sentence how a Plains settler’s view of the land differed from a Plains American Indian’s view.
A settler saw land to own and farm; an American Indian saw land to hunt and live from and to protect
Describe either one technological and one social change that helped the South start to industrialize in a sentence.
Technological: railroads and textile mills. Social: shift from plantation labor to wage work and investment in factories