Food Chains
How do plants make their own food and grow?
Photosynthesis - They use sunlight, air, and water to make sugar in their leaves.
What are the three states of matter and what is an example of each?
Solids: Table, tree, computer, apple, ice, rock.
Liquids: Water, milk, blood, oil.
Gases: Air, oxygen, helium, steam, carbon dioxide.
We can find this in oceans, seas, gulfs, and bays.
What is salt water?
Why does the sun look bigger and brighter than the other stars?
The Sun is much closer to Earth than all the other stars.
These get their energy by eating other organisms.
Consumers
How do animals use the energy they get from food? Give three examples.
Grow, Move, Stay warm, Repair their bodies, Reproduce (Have babies)
What is a phase change?
A phase change is when matter changes from one state to another.
We can find this in rivers, lakes, streams, underground, glaciers, and polar ice caps
What is freshwater?
What causes day and night on Earth?
Day and night happen because the Earth rotates (spins).
Earth that is facing the Sun has day, and the part that is facing away has night.
It takes Earth this long to do one rotation.
1 Day or 24 hours
Where does energy begin in an ecosystem?
THE SUN!
because the sun gives energy to producers which starts the cycle of energy through an ecosystem
Length, color, density, mass, volume, elasticity, shape are examples of _____________
Physical Properties
Most of the freshwater on earth is frozen in _________ and ___________
Glaciers and Polar Ice Caps
How does the Earth’s gravity affect everything on it?
Earth’s gravity pulls everything toward its center.
What are two chemical properties?
Toxicity and Acidity
How does matter move through an ecosystem?
Matter moves from producers to consumers when animals eat plants. When plants and animals die, decomposers return materials to the soil and air so plants can use them again
What happens to the mass of matter when it changes form or mixes with something else?
The mass stays the same as long as it's in a closed system (like a stove pot with a lid)
What are 3 ways that humans can help stop pollution of Earth’s water cycle?
Water Treatment Plants
Reduce runoff from farms by creating natural filters
Reduce pollution and litter on the ground
Why do we see the Sun, Moon, and stars in different places in the sky at different times?
Because the Earth is BOTH spinning AND moving around the Sun.
How does the Sun’s gravity affect the Earth?
The Sun’s gravity causes the Earth to orbit or revolve around the Sun.
What are the 4 major qualities of a good composter?
1. Lets air in
2. Keeps the right amount of moisture in
3. Easy to open
4. Keeps pests out
How can we tell if something is a mixture or a chemical reaction?
It is a mixture if you can separate the parts after mixing.
(Ex. If you mix sand and water you can separate them again)
It is a chemical reaction if a new substance forms and you can’t separate the parts easily.
(Ex. If you mix baking soda and vinegar it bubbles and you can’t separate the baking soda out).
What should you consider when determining what materials to use to make a water filter?
The size of the particles you are trying to filter out.
The amount of water you need to filter.
Why are shadows shorter in the summer than in the winter?
In the summer, the Sun is higher in the sky, so it makes shorter shadows.
What happens when you take away heat from a substance?
Taking away heat can make gases condense into liquids and liquids freeze into solids.