Islamic Civilization
This word describes a religion that teaches belief in one God.
What is monotheistic?
This Byzantine emperor asked Pope Urban II for help resisting the Turks.
Who was Alexius I?
This 1215 document said that a king had to rule according to laws.
What is the Magna Carta?
This name was given to the plague that killed many people in medieval Europe.
What is the Black Death?
This war between England and France lasted from 1337 to 1453.
What is the Hundred Years’ War?
Muslims are required to make this religious journey to Mecca at least once in their lifetime, if able according to the test wording.
What is a pilgrimage?
Alexius I asked for help because conquests by the Muslim Turks made travel to this sacred region difficult.
What is the Holy Land?
This phrase means that everyone, including a king, must follow the law.
What is the rule of law?
The plague began on this continent.
What is Asia?
One cause of the war involved questions about the rightful heir to the throne from these two countries.
What are England and France?
The first four leaders after Muhammad helped Islam spread through this action.
What is conquest?
Name one harmful effect of the Crusades described in the test passage.
What is death and destruction; distrust and division; or Jewish people being harmed/persecuted?
Name one reason barons and merchants were angry with King John.
1. He raised taxes to pay for war
2. He lost lands to the French king
3. He imprisoned relatives/important servants when taxes were unpaid.
This event made the arrival of the plague more severe.
What is a long war (The Hundred Years' War)?
This French military leader and heroine was an important military leader during the war.
Who was Joan of Arc?
Name one mathematical contribution by Muslim scholars mentioned in the test passage.
What is algebra or calculus?
The Crusades increased this kind of exchange between Europe and the Islamic world.
What is trade?
The Magna Carta supported this process to help ensure fairness in court.
What is a fair trial by jury?
Plague doctors dressed in long-beaked bird masks partly because they believed disease was carried by these.
What are bad smells?
These weapons are what helped France win the war against England and their longbows.
What are cannons?
Why did many Islamic artists use geometric patterns instead of people and animals?
What is rejecting idols?
Explain one way Europe benefited from contact with the Islamic world during or after the Crusades.
1. Europeans encountered food and cultural practices
2. Trade expanded
3. European scholars used Islamic scholarly texts and benefited from scientific and cultural advances
Explain how the Magna Carta limited a king’s power.
It made the king accountable to the law instead of allowing him to act as if he were above the law.
How did the Black Death weaken feudalism?
Serfs who survived the plague demanded payment for their work.
Name one of the two main effects of the Hundred Years’ War.
1. The French king gained control of almost all of France
2. Nationalism increased in France and England