Thinking Like a Scientist
Jasper watches the birds in his yard for two weeks to determine which of the two bird feeders they like best. He tells his teacher that this is an experiment, but it is actually this.
What is Repeated Observation?
Experiments are in a CONTROLLED setting
Models are used when investigating, large, expensive, or uncontrollable variables
What are the different
parts of the water cycle?
Evaporation - (Liquid) Water heated into (gas) water vapor due to the suns energy.
Condensation - COOLING of Water Vapor (Gas) into Droplets of Water (Liquid) - FORMS CLOUDS
Precipitation - Water FALLING in the form of (Rain, Sleet, Snow, or Hail)
Collection/Runoff - Water collecting in lakes, rivers, oceans, or streams
Galaxies are made of BILLIONS of stars, gases, ice, dust. Our home galaxy is the Milky Way!
EACH star has its own solar system and our solar system has our star the sun, which is only ONE star out of billions of others found in The Milky Way.
The Universe is EVERYTHING in space including the billions of galaxies that each have billions of solar systems!
Give an example of a substance
that is NOT matter and explain
why it is not considered matter.
(ex. Ideas, feelings, emotions, light, music, sound)
MATTER is anything that has mass and takes up space
Which of the following is a conductor: staple, rubber band, popsicle stick, plastic cup
What is a staple?
Michelle performed an investigation once, but the results did not match her hypothesis. What should Michelle do next?
Repeat the investigation and compare each trial!
What are the 4 types of
precipitation? Describe the
weather conditions that happen
with each type of precipitation.
Rain- liquid – low pressure, temperature varies, cloudy
Sleet- mixture of rain and snow- cloudy and cold
Hail- solid form of precipitation- severe weather, WINDY
Snow- solid form of precipitation- COLD temperatures
Why does the Sun, when looking
from Earth, appear to be
larger than other stars?
Because the Sun is closer to Earth than other stars.
What are the basic
properties of a solid, a liquid and
a gas?
A solid has definite shape and volume. It’s molecules are packed tightly. A liquid takes the shape of the container it is in and has a fixed volume. A gas does not have a fixed shape or volume (it takes the shape of the container). It’s molecules are spread out.
What energy transformation takes place when you make toast?
What is electrical energy to heat energy?
This is why it is important for scientists to keep careful records of their experiments.
What is so that other scientists can repeat the experiment?
How does proximity to bodies
of water, elevation, and
proximity to the equator
affect weather and climate?
Proximity to bodies of water- the closer you are to a body of water the water vapor (humid) that area is!
Elevation- the higher you go the colder it gets!!
Proximity to the equator- the closer you are to the equator, the hotter the temperature! The equator gets the most sunlight
What is the difference between
rotation and revolution?
When something rotates, it spins in a direction around its axis (the Earth rotates around its axis once every 24 hours).
Revolution is when one objects orbits another object (the Earth revolves around the Sun once every year). The Earth both rotates and revolves.
What is the difference between a
physical and chemical change?
Provide an example of each.
Physical- do not results in the formation of a new substance. A physical change has occurred when a substance changes color, size, shape, temperature, or state of matter (example- ice cube melts)
Chemical- result in the formation of a new substance. (example- a nail rusting)
What effect will one positive charge have on another positive charge?
They will repel each other (even if they do not touch).
Opposite Charges - ATTRACT
Same Charges - REPEL
A pet food company tested a new flavor of dog food? Researchers placed two identical bowls on the floor . They put the same amounts of new dog food in one bowl and dog’s usual food in the other. The researchers left the dog in the room and observed which food it ate first. They repeated the process many dogs. Which scientific term BEST describes the usual food of each dog?
Control Group
What are the main differences in seasons in
tropical zones, temperate zones, and polar zones?
Tropical zones- near equator- mostly warm temperatures
Polar zones- farthest from equator. The polar zones have freezing temperatures and very little precipitation
Temperate zones- located between the tropical zones and the polar zones. The climate is considered mild, so it can be either warm or cold. The temperate zones ten to have the most varied types of environments like mountains with forests, river valleys, and deserts.
What is the difference between
asteroids and comets?
Asteroids are made up of rock and metal, comets are mostly made up of frozen gas. As comets come closer to the Sun, their ice begins to melt and creates a “tail” of gas.
What is the biggest difference between and mixture and solution? Give an example of each
(Ex. Soda, Smoothie, Lemonade)
In a Mixture ALL its parts are visible and easy to separate (ex. salad, hamburger, Mac n' Cheese)
What is the type of energy you receive from the food you eat?
"What is Chemical Energy?"
Chemical Energy- Stored in Chemical Bonds in food, gas, batteries.
Light - Can reflect, refract, or be absorbed
Heat - Thermal Energy (Speed of Particles)
Mechanical Energy - Energy of Motion and Position
Sound - VIBRATING Particles
Sal gives his each of his strawberry plants 500 mL of water daily. He makes sure they get the same amount of sunlight and fertilizer. Twenty plants are in pots with potting soil. The other twenty are in pots with a sand and clay mixture. This is the tested variable for Sal's experiment.
What is Soil Type?
Fill in the blanks: ________
pressure is generally associated
with good weather and _______
pressure is generally associated
with deteriorating weather
conditions.
HIGH PRESSURE = SUNNY
LOW PRESSURE = STORMY
What are four differences
between the inner and outer
planets?
NAME THEM TOO!
Inner: rocky surface, relatively short time to revolve around the sun, smaller in size, relatively close to one another, varying temperatures
Outer: Gaseous surface, relatively long time to revolve around the Sun, larger than inner planets, further apart than the inner planets, all very cold, RINGS, Most Moons
Inner: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Outer: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
Heating up the liquid, stirring the solution, or particle size (smaller the size the faster it dissolves)
(Salt, sugar, Powder mix, Alka Seltzer) - Dissolves
(Oil, wood, plastic, sand, glass, metal) - Does NOT Dissolve)
In a circuit with a battery, wire, switch, and a light bulb, which type of circuit will allow the light bulb to turn on--a closed circuit or an open circuit?
What is a closed circuit?