water
a measure of how salty water is
salinity
One full orbit around the sun is called a
revolution
the amount of matter in an object
mass
The two types of root systems:
taproots and fibrous roots
The nonliving parts of an ecosystem include air, water, soil, sunlight, and ____.
temperature
an artificial lake that forms behind a dam
reservoir
satellite
In this state of matter, particles are very far apart.
gas
the outside layer of a leaf is called the
epidermis
Plants, protists, and ______ are producers.
microorganisms
How much of the Earth's fresh water is frozen into ice?
7/10 or 70%
The Earth and other plants closet to the Sun are made mostly of ____.
rock
a special mixture in which substances are spread out evenly and will not settle
solution
Plants store some sugar to use at night. For long-term storage, plants join many sugars to form this chemical
starch
Name three types of decomposers.
earthworms, flies, slugs, bacteria, fungi
ice changing into water vapor without first melting
sublimation
Earth spins on an axis that is tilted. Earth always tilts the same way during its year-long orbit. The Earth's tilt causes ______.
seasons
A ______ occurs when one substance or kind of matter changes into another completely different kind of matter with different properties.
chemical change
The three functions of roots:
1. anchor a plant
2. absorb water/minerals from the soil
3. store food
How much of Earth's atmosphere is nitrogen gas?
8/10 or 80%
What forms when very strong winds blow upward into a cloud and blow raindrops back up into the freezing air at the top of a cloud?
hail
The main cause of ocean tides
the moon's gravity
Properties of matter include color, smell, size, shape, mass, volume, hardness, and ____.
texture
chlorophyll, chloroplasts
What gas enters the atmosphere through cellular respiration and combustion?
carbon dioxide