5th grade Science SOL

Scientific Investigation

100

The part of the experiment that is changed by the scientist is called the ______________ variable.

independent

200

Frank wants to know which object will bounce the highest. He drops four objects - a basketball, a baseball, a bouncy ball, and a ball of paper - all from the same height onto his driveway. What is the dependent variable in his investigation?

the bounce height of each object

300

Data that is measured and presented in the form of numbers is called [qualitative] or [quantitative] data?

quantitative

400

Sarah wants to know if plants grow taller with music. She gives one plant music and another no music. To make it a fair test, she gives them the same amount of water and sunlight, which are known as these.

constants

500

During a science experiment, a student records that a chemical reaction "produced bubbles, turned bright green, and felt warm to the touch." These specific types of observations do not use numbers. [qualitative] or [quantitative]

qualitative

Matter and Energy

100

The particles that make up all matter are called ___________.

atoms

200

What is the main energy transformation that occurs in a portable heater?

[a] electrical energy to mechanical energy

[b] thermal energy to electrical energy

[c] thermal energy to sound energy

[d] electrical energy to thermal energy

[d] electrical energy to thermal energy

300

Match these terms with their definitions.

[1] matter        [a] the space an object takes up

[2] volume      [b] amount of matter in an object

[3] mass       [c] anything that has mass and volume

1[c], 2[a], 3[b]

400

A special kind of mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another substance is called a _______________.

solution

500

If an object has a boiling point of 68^oF, a melting point of 42^oF, and a freezing point of 13^oF, what phase of matter will the object be in when it is at 45^oF?

liquid

Electricity and Waves

100

This type of wave cannot travel through outer space. [light or sound?]

sound

200

What three things would you need to use to make an electromagnet?

battery, wire, and iron nail

300

Match the terms to their descriptions.

[1] conductors               [a] allow electricity to flow

[2] insulators                 [b] slow or stop the flow

1[a], 2[b]

400

Which of the following is not necessary for a complete electric circuit?

[a] battery

[b] wire

[c] iron nail

[d] light bulb or other load device

[c] iron nail

500

What would be a good way to observe refraction of light? 

[a] looking in a mirror

[b] looking at an object partially in water

[c] looking at an object through an open window

[b] looking at an object partially in water

Living Systems

100

Animals are classified as vertebrates if they have this body feature.

spine/backbone

200

Which part of a plant develops into a fruit?

the flower

300

A fossil of an organism with gills indicates that when the organism was living, the land was likely covered in what?

water

400

Plants produce this gas that animals need to survive.

oxygen

500

Draw and label a food web that includes at least one producer, at least one consumer, and at least one decomposer.

producers [plants], consumers [animals], decomposers [bacteria, mushrooms, insects]

Earth and Space

100

What is the main cause of high and low tides?

the moon's gravitational pull

200

What is a common side effect of the movement of tectonic plates?

earthquakes, volcanoes

300

Parts of Earth experience different seasons throughout the year because of this.

Earth's tilt on its axis (23.5 degrees)

400

What is the term for the breakdown of land areas due to physical and chemical changes?

[a] ecosystem

[b] erosion

[c] electrochemical

[d] evaporation

[b] erosion

500

Match the rock type to its method of formation.

[1] igneous                      [a] erosion, compaction

[2] sedimentary               [b] heat, pressure

[3] metamorphic              [c] melting, cooling

1[c], 2[a], 3[b]