Matter
Properties of Mixtures
Electricity and Light
Energy Transformations
Force & Motion
Changes to the Earth's Surface
Earth's Processes & Cycles
Impacts of Conservation
Patterns of Sky
Organism Survival
Energy Flow & Ecosystem Interactions
100
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, Liquid, and Gas
100
What is a mixture?
A combination of two or more substances
100
What materials are good conductors of electricity?
Metals like copper and aluminum
100
What is energy transformation?
The change of energy from one form to another.
100
What is force?
Force is a push or pull
100
Name two slow changes to Earth’s surface.
Weathering and erosion.
100
What causes day and night?
Earth’s rotation on its axis.
100
What does it mean to conserve resources?
Using resources wisely to avoid waste.
100
What causes the Moon to appear to change shape?
Moon phases caused by positions of Moon, Earth, and Sun.
As the Moon orbits the Earth, the Sun lights up different parts of it, making it seem as if the Moon is changing shape.
100
What do plants need to survive?
Water, sunlight, air, nutrients.
100
What is a food chain?
A series showing how energy passes through organisms
200
What tool would you use to measure the mass of an object?
Triple Beam Balance or Digital Scale
200
How can you separate sand from water?
By using a coffee filter or letting it settle.
200
What is a simple circuit?
A path that allows electricity to flow.
200
Give an example of electrical energy changing to light energy.
Lightbulb turning on.
200
What tool is used to measure force?
A spring scale.
200
What causes an earthquake?
Movement of tectonic plates.
200
What causes the seasons?
Earth’s tilt and revolution around the Sun
200
Name one way to reduce water use at home.
Turn off water when brushing teeth.
Shorter showers.
200
There are eight moon phases, name at least four. Double your points if you name all eight.
For 200 points: New Moon, First Quarter, Full Moon, Last Quarter.
For 400 Points: New Moon, Waxing Crescent, First Quarter, Waxing Gibbous, Full Moon, Waning Gibbous, Last Quarter, and Waning Crescent.
200
What is an adaptation?
A trait that helps survival.
the process where a species or an organism gradually becomes better acclimated to its environment.
Examples include a camel's hump for storing water, a bird's beak shape for eating specific foods, and a polar bear's white fur for camouflage.
200
What is a producer in an ecosystem?
An organism that makes its own food (e.g., plant)
300
How does temperature affect the state of matter?
It causes matter to change state (e.g., melting or boiling)
300
What is the difference between a mixture and a solution?
A solution has substances evenly mixed that cannot be easily separated, but a mixture can be easily seperated.
300
What happens when you add a switch to a circuit?
It allows control over the circuit flow.
300
What energy transformations happen in a flashlight?
Chemical to electrical to light energy
300
How does friction affect motion?
It slows down or stops motion
300
How do volcanoes change the Earth's surface?
They build/construct new landforms by depositing lava and ash and can cause destruction through eruptions, landslides, and other hazards.
300
Describe the water cycle (4 parts).
Evaporation (Liquid to Vapor/gas), condensation (gas to liquid), precipitation (rains, sleet, snow, hail), collection/accumulation (rivers, ponds, lakes, oceans)
300
What are renewable and nonrenewable resources?
Renewable: sunlight, wind, and water.; Nonrenewable: Fossil Fuels, oil, coal, natural gas, etc.
300
Why do stars appear to move across the night sky?
Stars appear to move across the night sky due to the Earth's rotation on its axis.
300
How do animals survive in the desert?
They store water, stay cool, and are active at night
300
Describe the role of a decomposer.
Breaks down dead matter and recycles nutrients
400
Describe a physical change and give an example.
A change in size, shape, or state; e.g., ice melting
400
Give an example of a solution and explain how it can be separated.
Saltwater; evaporate the water to get salt.
400
How does light behave when it hits a mirror?
It reflects in a straight line.
400
Describe how energy changes form in a toaster.
Electrical to thermal energy
400
Describe the effect of gravity on a falling object.
Gravity pulls it down to Earth.
400
Describe how a canyon is formed.
By water erosion over time.
Water, ice, and wind contribute to the weathering and erosion of rock, gradually wearing down the canyon walls. This process can create unique features like slot canyons or widening the canyon over time
Rivers play a crucial role by carving deep valleys through rock, while the surrounding land is uplifted and eroded, contributing to the formation of steep canyon walls.
400
How do the sun and ocean interact in the water cycle?
When energy from the Sun reaches the Earth, it warms the atmosphere, land, and ocean and evaporates water.
400
How does recycling help the environment?
Reduces waste and saves energy.
400
How does the position of the Sun change throughout the day?
It rises in the east and sets in the west
400
Explain how camouflage helps animals survive.
It helps animals blend into surroundings
400
What happens if one part of a food web is removed?
It can affect all organisms in the web
500
Explain the difference between a physical and chemical change with examples.
Physical changes don't form new substances, chemical changes do.
500
Describe how physical properties can help separate mixtures.
By using size, magnetism, solubility, or density.
500
Describe how electrical energy is transformed into light and heat energy.
Electrical energy → light and heat energy in a bulb.
500
Explain energy transformations in a roller coaster ride.
Potential energy (going up) → kinetic energy (going down)
→ thermal (friction) and sound (gears & chains)
500
Explain how unbalanced forces change the motion of an object.
They cause changes in motion, speed, or direction.
500
Explain the difference between weathering, erosion, and deposition.
Weathering breaks, erosion moves, deposition drops.
500
Explain how the rotation and revolution of Earth affect the environment.
Earth's rotation causes day and night, while its revolution around the sun causes the seasons. 
500
Explain how human activities can impact natural resources positively and negatively.
Positive: planting trees, renewable energy sources, reforestation, wildlife preserves, conservation measures.
Negative: pollution, deforestation, invasive species
500
Explain how Earth’s rotation affects what we see in the sky.
As Earth orbits the Sun, it moves around the host star by approximately one degree a day and at the same time is completing one rotation every 23 hours and 56 minutes.
Because Earth rotates every 24 hours
500
Describe how traits can be inherited or learned.
Inherited (passed down genetically from parents): eye color, skin color, hair color;
Learned (acquired through experience and observation): riding a bike, observations and consequences.
500
Explain the flow of energy from the Sun through an ecosystem.
The sun helps provide heat, light, and energy for producers to make their own food.