Vocabulary
Someone chosen by God to bring a message to people
prophet
City where Muhammad was born
Mecca
Leader of the Islamic faith
Muhammad
Why are Muslims required to make a pilgrimage during their lifetime?
to commemorate Muhammad’s last trip to Mecca
a group of people traveling together across a desert
caravan
the belief that there is only one God
monotheism
City where Muhammad rose to power
Medina
King of England that signed the Magna Carta
King John
How did Muslim scholars contribute to the field of mathematics?
They developed algebra.
a journey undertaken for a religious purpose
pilgrimage
an area in the desert where there are water and plants
oasis
A century after Muhammad’s death, the Islamic empire was vast and powerful. It stretched into
Asia, Africa, and Spain
Why did Alexius I ask Pope Urban II for help?
Conquests by the Muslim Turks made travel to the Holy Land difficult
Why is this document considered important?
It made the king accountable to the laws of England.
a person who becomes the leader after the previous leader’s death
successor
using power over people in a way that is cruel and unfair
tyrannical
City that all three major religions (Christianity, Islam, Jewish) reside
Jerusalem
What were some effects of the Crusades?
The pope became a religious and secular leader
Trade between Europe and the Muslim world grew.
Jewish people were killed for their beliefs.
What is a difference between the First and Third Crusades?
Unlike the First Crusade, crusaders on the Third Crusade mostly traveled by water to the Holy Land.
having precise, regular shapes
geometric
the principle that no one is above the law, not even the highest lawmakers
rule of law
City where the Magna Carta was signed
London
Why did barons and merchants force King John to sign the Magna Carta?
He raised taxes to pay for a war.
What is a feature of Islamic art?
geometric patterns
not a religious leader
secular