Biomolecules
What is a Biomolecule?
The molecules found in organisms.
What is a Protein?
A large complex polymer consisting of smaller units or building blocks called amino acids.
What elements are present in Carbohydrates?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
What elements are lipids made up of?
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
Define a cell
The basic unit of living things
Name the 4 main biomolecules
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids.
What are the subunits of proteins?
Amino Acids
What is the ratio of the elements present in Carbohydrates?
1:2:1
What is the difference between a fat and an oil?
Fat is solid at room temp and oil is liquid at room temp
What is does the Cell Theory say?
What are the 6 chemical elements most organisms are made up of.
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur
What is a polypeptide?
A long chain of amino acids
What is the difference between monosaccharides and polysaccharides
Monosaccharides are simple carbs made of one sugar unit and polysaccharides are complex carbs made of many sugar units bonded together.
What are the subunits of Lipids?
Glycerol and 3 fatty acids
Name 4 characteristics of life
Organisation / Growth / Nutrition / Respiration / Metabolism / Excretion / Homeostasis / Reproduction / Heredity / Response
What does metabolism mean?
Sum of all chemical reactions in the body.
What are the 3 structures in order to make a protein?
Primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure.
What is 2 metabolic roles of carbs?
Respiration and Photosynthesis
Give an example of a Steroid
Cholesterol, testosterone, oestrogen.
What is LUCA
Last Universal Common Ancestor
What is the subunit for each of the four biomolecules?
Carbs - Monosaccharides,
Protein - Amino acids,
Lipids - Triglycerides,
Nucleic Acids - Nucleotides.
Name a structural role of proteins?
Collagen in bones or Keratin in hair
What is the purpose of Glycogen in the body?
Storage polysaccharide in liver and muscles in animals to help regulate blood glucose levels.
What is a Phospholipid bilayer?
Phospholipids arranged into 2 layers to form the cell membrane - phosphate head and 2 fatty acids.
The study of Evolutionary relationships between organisms.