Key Terms
Branch of social structure theory that sees crime as a function of the conflict between people goal's and the mean available to obtain them.
What is Strain Theory?
What society do people in the United States live in?
HINT: strata
What is...
stratified society.
Displacement of workers, pushing them outside the economic and social mainstream.
What is...
marginalization.
Theoretical views that criminal behavior is controlled by a master trait, present at birth or soon after, that remains stable and unchanging throughout a person’s lifetime.
What is Latent trait theory?
A person who kills three or more people in separate events carried out while maintaining their normal lifestyle in between events. The murder victims, although unknown to the killer, may share a similar characteristic or lifestyle.
What is serial killers?
The view that everyone has the potential to become a criminal, but most people are controlled by their bonds to society. Crime occurs when the forces that bind people to society are weakened or broken.
What is self control theory?
What is considered a major determinant of a person’s behavior?
What is...
family relationships.
What is globalization?
What is...
the process of creating transnational markets, politics, and legal systems in an effort to form and sustain a global economy.
Basically, it’s how the world becomes more connected so businesses and governments can work across borders.
Pathway to a criminal career that begins with minor aggression, leads to physical fighting, and eventually escalates to violent crime.
What is overt pathways?
The killing of a large number of people in a single incident by an offender who typically does not seek concealment or escape.
What is Mass murder?
Acts defined by law as criminal and committed by state officials, either elected or appointed, in pursuit of their jobs as government representatives.
What is state-organized crime?
Social learning theories believe...
What is...
crime is a product of learning the norms, values, and behaviors associated with criminal activity.
What do critical criminologists focus their attention on compared to mainstream criminologists?
What is...
The law violations of the powerful.
Different people have different trajectories in their life and everyone is not the same and not going down the same path
What is trajectory theory?
These robbers have a long-term commitment to crime as a source of livelihood. This type of robber plans and organizes crimes prior to committing them and seeks money to support a hedonistic lifestyle.
What is professional robber?
Theoretical views studying changes in criminal offending patterns over a person’s entire life.
What is life course theory?
The three Branches of Social Structure Theory
What is...
social disorganization, strain, and cultural deviance theories
What is Restorative Justice?
What is...
Helps victims recover, makes offenders take responsibility for what they did, and brings together everyone affected—victims, offenders, and the community—to help heal and make things right.
A cluster of antisocial behaviors that may include family dysfunction, substance abuse, smoking, precocious sexuality and early pregnancy, educational underachievement, suicide attempts, sensation seeking, and unemployment, as well as crime.
What is Problem behavior syndrome (PBS)
These robbers steal to obtain small amounts of money when an accessible target presents itself. They are not committed to robbery but will steal from cab drivers, people who are intoxicated, older individuals, and other vulnerable persons if they need some extra spending money.
What is opportunist robber?
The unlawful killing of a human being (homicide) with malicious intent.
What is murder?
The difference between social structure and social process theories
What is...
social structure theories explain crime as a result of societal and economic conditions like poverty, inequality, and community disorganization.
Social process theories focus on how individuals learn criminal behavior through interactions, socialization, and relationships.
What is the difference between instrumental and structural theory?
What is...
Instrumental theorists believe the law is a tool used by the wealthy to control and oppress the poor.
Structural theorists see the law as protecting the overall capitalist system, targeting anyone—rich or poor—who threatens its stability.
juvenile who has slowly stopped doing crime due to religion or family or school
What is aging out?
What is the difference between 2nd degree murder and manslaughter?
2nd degree- An intentional killing that is not premeditated or planned, nor committed in a reasonable "heat of passion."
Manslaughter- An unlawful killing that doesn’t involve malice aforethought (the intent to kill or seriously harm).