International System/History
This global event in 1648 is widely seen as the origin of the modern state system.
The Peace of Westphalia
Which, most famous, human rights document, was adopted in 1948?
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
This theory highlights international cooperation, institutions, and interdependence.
Liberalism
This Latin phrase refers to the principle that treaties are binding upon the parties and must be performed in good faith.
Pacta sunt servanda
This pivotal international body was established in 1945 to prevent future global wars and promote cooperation among states.
The Cold War was primarily a conflict between which two global superpowers, and what were their competing ideologies?
The United States (capitalism/democracy) and the Soviet Union (communism).
Which three legal instruments comprise of the ´International Bill of Human Rights´?
The UDHR, the ICCPR (civil/political), and the ICESCR (eco, soc, cultural)
This IR theory is particularly attentive to the role of discourse and the social construction of power.
Constructivism
This treaty is known as the ´treaty of treaties´
The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT)
This term refers to a distribution of global power in which one state dominate militarily, economically, and politically.
unipolarity
What is the name of the primary organising principle of international politics?
Sovereignty
This UN body, composed of 47 member states, replaced the Commission on Human Rights in 2006 and is tasked with promoting and protecting human rights worldwide.
The UN HRC (Human Rights Council)
In realism, this concept refers to a balance of capabilities between states to prevent dominance.
Balance of power
Custom - or customary international law - is comprised of two elements. What are these two elements?
1) State practice and
2) Opinio Juris
Formed as a coalition of emerging powers, this group has sought to challenge Western dominance in global institutions and push for a more multipolar international system.
BRICS
This model of world politics focuses solely on interactions between states.
'Billiard ball' model
This principle means that certain fundamental human rights—such as the prohibition of genocide or torture—cannot be suspended, even in emergencies.
What is jus cogens (peremptory norm of international law)
Which IR theory focuses on 'structures of economic power and the role played in the world affairs by international capital'
Marxism
According to the UN Charter, there is an absolute prohibition on the use of force. What are the two exceptions to this rule?
A UN Security Council Resolution authorizing force (Article 42 UN Charter - ´Chapter VII action´);
and
Self-defence (Article 51 UN Charter)
In The Age of Consequences, the U.S. military describes climate change as this type of .................. highlighting its role in exacerbating instability and existing conflicts.
threat multiplier
This term refers to the processes, institutions - formal and informal -, as well as values, through which collective decisions are made and authority is exercised globally, particularly when addressing challenges like climate change or pandemics.
governance
Can you mention 7 out of 9 core human rights instruments?
1) ICCPR (civil political)
2) ICESCR (eco, soc, cultural)
3) CEDAW (discrimination against women)
4) CERD (racial discrimination)
5) CAT (torture)
6) CED (enforced disappearance)
7) CRC (rights of the child)
8) CMW (migrant workers); and
9) CRPD (persons with disabilities)
Constructivists argue that this shapes state behaviour more than material capabilities.
Norms, ideas, and identities
What are the (four) sources of law accepted by the international community of States?
1) International treaties (conventions);
2) Custom (customary international law);
3) General principles of law (recognized by civilised nations); and
4) Judicial decisions (and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists)
This 2015 international agreement marked a shift in the global response to climate change by emphasising nationally determined contributions (NDCs) and global cooperation to limit warming to below 2°C.
The Paris Agreement