Unit 1
Define the Terms!
Sequent Occupancy - 50 points
Cultural Landscape - 50 points
1) The idea that successive societies leave their cultural imprint on a place
2)A landscape that has cultural significance and show the interaction between humans and nature
Define the terms
CBR - 25 points
TFR - 25 points
CDR - 25 points
IMR - 25 points
CBR = Total number of live births in a year for every 1000 people alive in a country
TFR = Measures the number of births on a society
CDR = Total number of deaths in a year for every 1000 people in a country
IMR = The annual number of deaths of infants under a year of age compared to the total live births
What is the difference between universalizing religions and ethic religions
Universalizing Religions seek to gain more members and attempts to be global
Ethnic Religions appeal to mainly one group of people living in one place
What is Gerrymandering
The manipulation of voting district boundaries to benefit a specific party or group.
Subsistence Agriculture vs Commercial Agriculture?
Commercial - The production of food mainly for sale
Subsistence - The production of food mainly for consumption by the farmers family
What are the four types of distortion
The shape
Distance
Direction
Relative Size
Define the Terms
Guest Worker
Remittances
Interregional Migration
Intraregional Migration
Chain Migration
Guest Worker - A foreign worker allowed to work temporarily in another country.
Remittances - Money sent home by migrants to support their families.
Interregional Migration - Moving from one region of a country to another.
Intraregional Migration - Moving within the same region of a country.
Chain Migration - When people move to a place because others from their community already live there.
What is the hierarchy of languages, from most broad to most specific?
Language Family
Language Branch
Language Group
Language
Dialect
Subdialect
Define these terms
State - 25 points
Nation - State - 25 points
Multinational State - 25 points
Multiethnic State - 25 points
Stateless Nation - 25 points
Autonomous Region - 25 points
Nation - 25 points
Microstate - 25 points
State - A politically organized territory with a government and recognized borders.
Nation - State - A state whose boundaries align with the distribution of a particular nation or ethnic group
Multinational State - A state with multiple ethnic groups or nations within its borders. WITH TRADITIONS OF SELF GOVERNMENT
Multiethnic State - A state with multiple ethnic groups or nations within its borders.
Stateless Nation - A nation without a state, an cultural group without their own state
Autonomous Region - A region within a state that has some self-governing powers.
Nation - A group of people with shared culture, language, and identity.
Microstate – A very small state, often with limited land and population (e.g., Vatican City)
Intensive vs Extensive Agriculture?
Intensive - Involves a HIGH level of effort or input in a SMALL area.
Extensive - Involves a LARGE area but with LESS effort or input per unit of area
What is GIS? - 150 points
What is GPS? - 150 points
Geographic Information Science studies the data from satellite and other technology
Global Positioning Systems uses salleties
Types of Density
Arithmetic Density -100 points
Physiological Density - 100 points
Agricultural Density - 100 points
The number of people per unit of arable land = Physiological Density
Farmers/Arable Land = Agricultural Density
Define the Term
Acculturation
Syncretism
Assimilation
Acculturation - When a person or group adopts some traits of another culture while keeping their own.
Syncretism - The blending of different cultural, religious, or artistic traditions into a new mix.
Assimilation - When a person or group fully adopts the culture of another, often losing their original culture.
What are the 3 types of boundaries?
Bonus if you can name a 4th!
Cultural Boundary - A boundary that separates groups based on cultural differences like language, religion, or ethnicity
Physical Boundary - A natural barrier like rivers, mountains, or oceans that separates areas
Geometric Boundary - A straight-line boundary often drawn using latitude and longitude
Bonus - Relic Boundary : A boundary that no longer functions as an actual border but still leaves visible traces in the landscape or culture.
e.g The Berlin Wall boundary in Germany
Describe the Von Thunen Model
Market
Ring 1 - Dairy & Intensive Farming
Ring 2 - Lumber
Ring 3 - Grain & Crops
Ring 4 - Livestock and Grazing
What is Site? - 100 points
What are site factors? - 100 points
What is Situation? - 100 points
What are Situation Factors? - 100 points
Site is the actual location of a settlement
It describes the physical features
Site factors : Climate, Vegetation, Landform
Situation is the location of a place relative to other places
Situation factors - Accessibility of a location, a places connection with other places, how close an area is to a raw material
Describe the 4 stages of the Demographic Transition
(100 points per stage)
1)Very High CBR + CDR, very low NIR
2)High CBR, rapidly declining CDR, very high NIR
3)Rapidly declining CBR, moderately declining CDR, moderate NIR
4) Very low CBR, low or slightly increasing CDR, zero or negative NIR
Name the differences of Local Culture and Popular Culture
Local Culture - Usually small homogenous groups living in rural areas, changes relatively little over time, varies place to place
Popular Culture - Usually large, heterogeneous societies, rapid diffusion, varies time to time
Federal versus Unitary States, what are the differences?
Federal States
Power is shared between a central government and regional governments (like states or provinces).
Regions have autonomy to make their own laws on certain issues
Unitary States
Central government holds most or all power.
Regional governments (if any) are usually just administrative divisions with limited authority.
Name the types of Intensive Agriculture
Name the types of Extensive Agriculture
Intensive
Intensive Subsistence Agriculture, Market Gardening, Dairy Farming, Poultry Farming
Extensive
Shifting Cultivation, Nomadic Herding, Commercial Grain Farming, Livestock Ranching
Name the 7 types of Maps and their uses
Physical - Shows Earth's natural features
Political - Shows political features of an area
Isoline- Connects with lines all the places that have a particular value
Choropleth Map - Colored in proportion to the measurement of the variable
Cartogram - A map where the size of a country or state is proportional
What are the 5 stages of the economy?
(100 per correctly defined points)
Primary Sector - Extracting materials from earth, examples include mining, agriculture, and fishing
Secondary Sector - Making products from raw materials, examples include automotive, construction, manufacturing
Tertiary Sector - Services Sector examples include Healthcare, Transportation, Hospitality.
Quaternary Sector - Creates and manages knowledge based services and information examples include education, financial services, information technology
Quinary Sector Highest level of decision making and knowledge based services examples Government, Police, Nursing Homes
What is an autonomous religion?
What is a hierarchical religion
Autonomous religion - A religion that operates independently, with little or no central authority. Local communities make their own decisions (e.g., Islam, some Protestant denominations).
Hierarchical religion - A religion with a clear structure and central authority that guides practices and decisions (e.g., Roman Catholicism).
Name the different types of state shapes
Compact State - Distance from center to any boundary is about the same—generally circular or square-shaped.
Elongated State - Long and narrow shape.
Prompted State - Mostly compact with a large projecting extension.
Perforated State - A state that completely surrounds another state.
Fragmented State - Includes several discontinuous pieces of territory.
Landlocked State - Has no direct access to the ocean.
Name the different Agricultural Revolutions and their impact on agriculture
Neolithic Revolution: Shift from hunting-gathering to settled farming, leading to permanent settlements.
The Columbian Exchange was the transfer of crops, animals, and diseases between the Americas, Europe, and Africa after 1492.
2RND Agricultural Revolution: Innovations like crop rotation and new tools increased productivity.
Green Revolution: High-yield crops, fertilizers, and pesticides dramatically boosted food production.