Civil Rights and Liberties
What are civil rights?
Rights that protect an individual from discrimination
Double Jepardy
When someone cannot be tried for the same crime twice.
Morris v. Fredrick
Bong Hits for Jesus- Schools can restrict students freedom of speech at school or school events.
First Amendment
The five freedoms: Speech, religion, press, protest, and assembly.
Supreme Court case where it was decided that segregation in schools is unconstitutional
Brown v. Board of Education
What are civil liberties?
freedoms that are protected under the constitution.
Self Incrimination
When someone says something that incriminates themself
Carpenter v. United States
The court must have a warrant before searching someone's cell phone.
Fourth Amendment
There are to be no unreasonable searches and seizures.
What are some things that you can do if you feel like your constitutional rights are being jeopardized?
File a lawsuit or contact civil rights organizations.
What is something protected under civil rights
Due Process
Guaranteed by the constitution that all people get fair treatment in trial/leagal system
Miranda v. Arizona
Police must inform you of your rights before you are arrested and go before the court.
Fifth Amendment
No person shall be held to answer for a capital crime, unless on a presentment or indicment of a Grand Jury… nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness agasint himself, nor be deprivced of life, liberty or property, without due process of law
A protester is arrested for holding up a sign at a peaceful protest.
What is the First Amendment?
What is something that is protected against civil liberties?
The right to privacy, the right to freedom of speech, and the right to a fair trial.
Habeas Corpus
A fundamentally legal principle that makes sure individuals are not imprisoned unjustly. People must go before a judge to determine their sentencing.
Graham v. Florida
It is unconstitutional for a juvenile to receive life without parole if it is a non-homicidal case.
Sixth Amendment
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherin the crime shall have been committed, which districts shall have been previously ascertained by law and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witness agains him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence
Your backpack is searched at school. Is this unconstitutional?
No, this is not unconstitutional due to reasonable suspicion.
Saying something false that can hurt someone's integrity.
What is slander and libel?
substantive due process
Determines whether the government’s denial of a person’s right to life, liberty, and property is justified. Both types of due process ensure that the government is treating people equally and fairly
Gregg v. Georgia
The death penalty is not unconstitutional if the crime is harsh enough to warrant it
There shall never be cruel and unusual punishment that exceeds the crime that someone commits.
Can athletes get drug tested at school?
Yes, this is for an extracurricular activity, and it is not unconstitutional.