Hydration & Homeostasis
_________ regulates fluid intake.
thirst
catheter colors and gauge
olive 14
amber 15
gray 16
green 18
pink 20
purple 21
blue 22
orange 23
red 25
who are the universal donors and universal receivers
donor- o neg
recipient- ab
what two religious groups refuse blood transfusions
christian scientists
jw
what kind of tubing is used to administer blood
blood tubing with filter
What are the major electrolytes?
hint: there is 6
sodium
potassium
calcium
magnesium
phosphorous
bicarbonate
Name 3 factors that affect IV site choice
Age
Type of solution
speed of infusion
duration of infusion therapy
presence of disease or previous surgery
Complications of IV therapy
hematoma
filtration
extravasation
phlebitis
thrombophlebitis
infection
nerve injury
septicemia
fluid overload
embolus
what makes up blood
wbc
rbc
plasma
platelets
why does blood have to admined within a certain amount of time
to decrease risk of bacterial contamination
decreased urine output, hypotension, tachycardia, and a rise in temperature indicate what?
hypovolemia (dehydration)
Where is midline access typically inserted and how long can it stay in?
peripheral IV usually AC
can stay in 1-4 weeks
what do you assess before puttin in an IV
need for IV
VS, labs, urine output, breath sounds
masectomytape allergy
requirements to give blood
atleast 16 years old
weight atleast 110 lbs
screened for disorders (HIV, mad cow, hepatitis)
what do you check prior to beginning blood admin
hint- 3 things
consent
md order
patent iv
What do serum electrolytes(CMP) measure?
sensitive measurement of fluid status and kidney function
What major blood vessel is central venous access usually placed in?
subclavian or internal jugular vein
what % alcohol should you use to scrub the hub of an IV
at least 70
who can admin blood, how fast does it need to be administered, and how long after being taken out of fridge should it be started?
rn
4 hrs
30 minutes
what gauge is used to give blood
adult- 20 or 18 w pump
young and old- 24 or 22 w gravity
Name the different types of IV fluids, and give examples of each.
- isotonic (NS, LR)
- hypotonic (D5W, 1/2 NS, 0.33% NaCl, 0.2% NaCl)
- hypertonic (D5NS, D5 1/2NS, D5LR, 3% NaCl, 5% NaCl, D10W, D20W)
Who inserts a tunneled CVC, and how far is it to be pushed in?
surgeon, 7.5-15cm sq tunnel in the chest wall
a process that identifies minor antigens that affects compatibility of donor blood and recipient's blood
crossmatching
name the different types of blood transfusion reactions and give examples of each
allergic- flushing itching wheezing hives anaphylaxis
bacterial- fever chills vomiting diarrhea hypertension
febrile- fever chills flushed skin aches
circulatory overload- persistent cough htn distended neck veins crackles
what is autologous blood
self donated