Geography & Civilization
This natural feature helped isolate ancient India from other civilizations
What are natural barriers (like mountains and oceans)?
The spiritual force believed to be in all living things
What is Brahman?
The founder of Buddhism
Who is Siddhartha Gautama?
Four main varnas in India’s social system
What are Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaisya, and Sudra?
Founded the Mauryan Empire
Who is Chandragupta Maurya?
The religion that values nonviolence and vegetarianism
What is Jainism?
Supported the Indus Valley Civilization
What is the Indus River?
The three major Hindu gods
Who are Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva?
The meaning of the word “Buddha”
What is “Enlightened One”?
The Dalits were expected to
What is collect garbage, sweep streets, and remove dead animals?
This emperor spread Buddhism across South Asia
Who is Ashoka?
This religion combines ideas from Hinduism and Islam
What is Sikhism?
These seasonal winds brought rain but could also cause floods
What are monsoons?
The goal of Hindu life
What is to reunite the atman with Brahman?
How the Buddha become enlightened
He meditated under a fig tree for several weeks.
A jati
What is a job assigned at birth?
India’s golden age of art and science
What is the Gupta Empire?
These epic stories are part of Indian literature
What are the Ramayana, Mahabharata, and Bhagavad-Gita?
This body of water is sacred in Hinduism
What is the Ganges River?
Ways Hindus follow their dharma
What are honesty, nonviolence, and doing one’s job well?
The Four Noble Truths
Suffering exists
it’s caused by craving
it can end
the way to end it is the Eightfold Path.
Restricted marriage, education, jobs, and friendships
What are the ways the caste system limited freedom?
Advanced feature of the Indus Valley cities
What are grid patterns and drainage systems?
These are the major eras of Indian history in order
Indus Valley, Vedic Period, Mauryan Empire, Gupta Empire.
The geographic feature India, Egypt, and Mesopotamia share that helped them grow
What are rivers?
Texts that explain Hindu ideas beyond the Vedas
What are the Upanishads?
The difference in reincarnation beliefs between Hinduism and Buddhism.
Buddhism allows anyone to escape it; Hinduism connects it to social class.
They were believed to be impure from past life sins.
Why were the Dalits called “Untouchables”?
Type of government in the Indus Valley Civilization
Historians don’t know due to lack of evidence
This evidence proves the Indus Valley traded withother civilizations
What are artifacts like trading seals found in Mesopotamia?