Sultanates
What were the Five Sultanates?
What were the two popular religious movements at the time?
The Hindu Bhakti, and the Islamic Sufi (Buddhism had vanished at this time)
Did Muslims live in India long before Turk and Afghan invaders?
Yes
What were the 2nd and 3rd crusades?
They were crusades launched by the Christians to get their holy lands back from the Muslims.
Why was it harder to rule kingdoms that had land that reached far, such as the Tughlaqs and Tamil Nadu?
The lands were farther away, and it would take time for messages to arrive there. They were harder to control.
What was the name of the queen in the Slave Dynasty, who was popular with the people but not the nobles?
Razia, who was Shamsuddin Iltutmish's daughter?
What were some examples of new items and things being found in towns at the time?
different clothes and languages, sounds of mosques, foreign foods, newly made goods
Which king was the king of Ghazni in Afghanistan, and what did he do?
Mahmud was the king, and he wanted to loot Hindu temples for their treasures to establish mosques, schools, and libraries to expand his city (he didn’t want to settle in India).
Who were the 2 brothers that founded the Sangama Dynasty, and Vijayanagar?
Harihara and Bukka
What happened to the 2 brothers who started the Sangama Dynasty and founded Vijayanagar?
They were first captured and converted to Islam, but then were converted to Hinduism when the sultan who captured them sent them to the south.
Why was “The Mad King” known as the Mad King?
He had an eccentric personality, had unpredictable behavior, and experimented with policies. Basically, he tried to fix what wasn’t broken.
What were sculptures based upon, and why?
They were based on geometry and floral designs, and not humans because the Islamic religious book, the Quran, had strict rules.
What does the word rajput mean, and how did this affect the kingdoms?
It means sons of kings. Kingdoms added legendary heroes such as Krishna/Rama to their family tree, and claimed to be kshatriyas.
What alternate route did Vasco Da Gama use to get to India, compared to others?
He arrived by using a sea route, instead of a land route, that passed the Cape of Good Hope, near the most southern tip of Africa.
What was a trend that kings of the Bahmani Dynasty supported?
They supported artists and scholars, and were patrons of them.
What dynasty had 4 different rulers in a span of 40 years, and what happened because of this? (2 parts to this answer)
1: The Sayyid Dynasty
2: Provinces like Bengal were able to break away, and the kingdom was not looked after properly
What were some of the teachings that the saints during the time period taught?
They taught about equality, that people of every faith were the same, live simply, and donate to the poor.
What happened after the death of the King of Ghanzi?
Muhammad, the king of Ghur (also in Afghanistan), conquered Ghanzi, and then wanted to establish a kingdom in India.
Who was “The Mad King”, and what did his successor do better?
Muhammad Bin Tuqlaq. His cousin, Feroz, was a smart man who made life better for his subjects. He liked literature, and built canals, wells, and hospitals for them.
What did Vijayangar become in terms of popularity, and what were the problems with its neighbors?
Since it was one of the most famous cities in the world, it was in constant war with its neighbors.
What was the problem with the ruler Jalaluddin Khalji?
He was too gentle of a man, and even forgave his advisers when they betrayed him. He was taken advantage of by many people, including his nephew who killed him.
How did poets of the popular religious movements change literature?
The poets gave the people, God back, from priests that were controlling worship, and abusing parts of religion and the caste system. They made literature flourish.
What mistake did Prithviraj Chauhan, the ruler of Ajmer, make after defeating Muhammad, and what did this lead to?
He made the mistake of not killing Muhammad and chasing his Ghur army out of India. The same year, Muhammad returned and captured Chauhan.
What happened due to Vasco Da Gama discovering another route to India?
He made 60x the cost of his voyage, dominated trade in the region, and forced other peaceful traders out. This also led to other countries to trade with India, leading to the British and French colonization.
Why was Krishnadeva Raja considered the greatest king of Vijayanagar?
He was a military genius, and famous for never losing a battle. His army conquered many surrounding kingdoms, and he helped his city grow, by improving agriculture and trade.