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SCOTUS 1
SCOTUS 2
SCOTUS 3
Federalists v. Antifederalists
Other Important Documents
100

It established judicial review, which became the constitutional role of the courts.

What is Marbury v. Madison (1803)?

100
The Court ruled that states can't ban guns because of the 2nd amendment and equal protection of the law.

What is McDonald v. Chicago (2010)?

100

The government can limit freedom of speech if they believe it provokes "a clear and present danger".

What is Schenck v. United States (1919)?

100
This document argued that establishing a representative democracy works against partisanship and factionalism. 

What is Federalist No.10?

100
It is a series of amendments to the constitution that guarantees freedoms for the individual and due process.

What are the Bill of Rights?

200

States can't tax the federal govt.

What is McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)?


200

The Court ruled that individuals, corporations, and unions could donate unlimited amounts of money to groups that make independent political expenditures.

What is Citizens United v. Federal Elections Commission (2010)?

200

Barring the Pentagon papers from being published violates the 1st amendment, as it was ruled.

What is New York Times v. United States (1971)?

200

This document addresses the counterarguments of Antifederalists; how checks and balances will be created to mitigate excessive power, including the separation of powers.

What is Federalist 51?

200

There are 27 of them; each describing the rights and restrictions one has.

What are the Amendments?

300

Schools can't force or mandate a prayer. 

What is Engel v. Vitale (1962)?

300

Anyone who can't afford an attorney may be provided one by the government.

What is Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)?

300

Redistricting solely based on race should be strictly monitored; must ensure compliance with the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

What is Shaw v. Reno (1993)?

300

This antifederalist paper argued there is no way a free republic can effectively rule over such a large nation, at least without the potential of corruption.

What is Brutus No. 1?

300
It is a document in which it states the principles on which the American govt is based, gives reasons why they should gain independence from Britain, and says that all people are created equal.

What is the Declaration of Independence?

400

One man, one vote; set up guidelines for apportionment, so there is a more equitable system. Also gave the Supreme Court power over legislative apportionment.

What is Baker v. Carr (1961)?

400
The Court ruled that public school students don't suddenly shed their rights at the door, and the suspension was unconstitutional.

What is Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)?

400

It legalized abortion on the basis on the woman's right to privacy.

What is Roe v. Wade (1973)?

400

It states the purpose of having a single executive (president) by saying that they bring both the energy of a single person and accountability to the people.

What is Federalist No. 70?

400

Martin Luther King wrote this while he was in jail after being arrested for protesting. There, he defended nonviolent resistance against racism, and that people have a moral responsibility to break unjust laws even if it means taking direct action.

What is "Letter from a Birmingham Jail"?

500

The Court established that even though Congress had power over interstate commerce, they don't have the power to prohibit anyone from possessing a gun at school.

What is United States v. Lopez (1995)?

500

Overruled Plessy v. Ferguson; declared that racially segregated facilities are unequal and order all public schools to become desegregated.

What is Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?

500

Amish children are exempt from having to go to school until they're 16; they may stop at 8th grade if they choose to do so.

What is Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)?

500

This document goes over judicial review and basically establishes their argument for the role of the judicial branch.

What is Federalist No.78?

500
The first written draft of the constitution failed because they couldn't collect taxes, regular trade, enforce laws, nor did they have an executive branch and national court system. In addition to this, they also needed approval from 9-13 states to pass laws, and amending documents had to have unanimous approval.

What are the Articles of Confederation?