F
why is researching yellow fever still risky?
There is no cure for the disease
Yellow fever is caused by what?
a virus
In this sentence below, what does "head off" mean?
"To head off a catastrophe, health officials are struggling to vaccinate 23 million people"
to stop
Yellow fever is able to spread quickly in what kind of weather?
Hot, rainy weather of summer
Is there a cure for yellow fever?
No
Why does Dr. Carroll think that Yellow Fever is caused by a microbe that is much smaller than bacteria?
Dr. Carroll was unable to detect a yellow fever microbe in his research which led him to believe the germ was smaller than bacteria.
What TWO words does the author uses in paragraph 2 to compare disease control to war
1. Army
2. Battle
How did Dr. Reed's methods improved future scientific experimentation
That all volunteers should be fully informed of all of the risks.
Explain what "Snuff the Outbreak" means
to prevent the spread of the disease
Who first introduced the mosquito theory?
Carlos Finlay
Explain why infected female mosquitoes pass the disease on to their offspring.
The yellow fever virus enters every cell of a mosquito’s body, including her eggs.
Explain what they mean by “circling” in this sentence .
"The virus, which kills 3 percent to 8 percent of those who are infected, is now circling the megacities of Rio de Janeiro.."
Yellow fever is surrounding and threatening the cities
What are some challenges health officials face in trying to vaccinate 23 million people against Yellow Fever.
"The effort has been slowed by what critics call a series of government missteps and the spread of false rumors about the vaccine.”
“Then, on Facebook, YouTube and other social media platforms, anti-vaccine activists—who previously found little footing in Brazil—began spreading terrifying rumors.”
Yellow fever spreads more slowly in what kind of weather?
cold, dry weather of winter
Yellow fever is caused by a ______, which is then transferred through a ______
virus, mosquito
What was the most significant thing that helped to protect people from yellow fever?
Developing a vaccine
What are some events that happened due to the team’s research effort?
1. Sanitation workers sprayed poison gas and oil to destroy mosquitoes and their eggs.
2. The Panama Canal was safely completed
3. The U.S was free from yellow fever by 1905
"To head off a catastrophe, health officials are struggling to vaccinate 23 million people."
Explain what "head off" means.
To stop
Why is yellow fever impossible to completely eliminate?
Because many poor countries cannot afford to pay for the lifesaving vaccine.
There is no cure for the virus
How do health workers get reluctant people to take the vaccine?
They bring the vaccine directly to the people
What two things were later discovered by scientists and might have affected Dr. Reed’s investigation.
1.) The disease must be carried by a mosquito for up to 17 days before it is able to infect another person.
2.) The mosquito must have bitten a yellow fever patient in the first three days of the illness.
What is the significance of this sentence?
“When the government of Paraguay failed to provide enough vaccine during a 2008 outbreak of the fever, desperate people mobbed clinics, yelling, ‘Vaccinations! Vaccinations!’ “
That people continue to feel threatened by this disease.
What are some reasons why yellow fever could spread quickly in the slums?
1. Clouds of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes live in the slums.
2. Many open barrels of water are available for mosquitoes to breed in.
3. Street garbage puddles provide a place for mosquitoes to breed.
What are some facts that were later discovered by scientist that might have affected Dr. Reed's investigation?
1. The disease must be carried by a mosquito for up to 17 days before it is able to infect another person
2. The mosquito must have bitten a yellow fever patient in the first 3 days of the illness
Why has there been more recent outbreaks of yellow fever?
Because the government did not act quickly enough