Factors Leading to Independence
Key Figures of Independence
Documents and Decrees
Significant Events
100

What were the internal conditions in New Spain that led to the Mexican independence movement?

Inequality, exploitation, and widespread poverty among mestizos, indigenous people, and other groups.

100

Who is known as the "Father of Mexican Independence" and gave the "Cry of Dolores"?

Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla.

100

What was the significance of the "Sentimientos de la Nación" presented by José María Morelos in 1813?

It expressed his political ideas, including the sovereignty of the nation, the abolition of castes, and the division of powers.

100

On what date did Miguel Hidalgo issue the "Cry of Dolores" to start the Mexican War of Independence?

September 16, 1810.

200

What intellectual movement that emphasized reason and individual rights influenced the Mexican Independence movement?

The Enlightenment.

200

Which female figure, known as the "Corregidora," played a significant role in organizing the first conspiracies for independence?

Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez.

200

What document, signed in 1821, formally declared Mexican independence from Spain?

The Treaties of Córdoba.

200

What was the result of the Valladolid conspiracy of 1809?

It was betrayed, and its leaders were arrested or killed

300

What external political crisis in Spain directly impacted the push for Mexican independence?

The French invasion of Spain in 1808.

300

Which leader took over after Hidalgo’s death and sought to organize and discipline the insurgent army?

José María Morelos y Pavón.

300

What was the name of the document that established the sovereignty of the nation and was influenced by José María Morelos's ideas?

"Constitutional Decree for the Liberty of Mexican America" The Constitution of Apatzingán.

300

When did the Trigarante Army enter Mexico City, marking the end of the War of Independence?

September 27, 1821

400

Which revolution in 1776 inspired the Mexican independence leaders by promoting ideas of freedom and equality?


The American Revolution

400

Who was the Creole military leader who ultimately joined forces with Vicente Guerrero to achieve independence?

Agustín de Iturbide.

400

Which 1812 Spanish document, which both Spain and Mexico had to swear allegiance to, limited the powers of the monarchy and promoted individual rights?

The Constitution of Cádiz.

400

Agustin de Iturbide proclaimed the Plan of Iguala on this date.

Feb 1821

500

Which set of reforms, initiated by the Spanish Crown, caused significant unrest among the Creoles by reducing their power and increasing taxes?

The Bourbon Reforms.

500

He combined repression with offers of pardon (amnesty) to insurgents who surrendered, while also launching military campaigns against those who continued to fight.


Viceroy Juan Ruiz de Apodaca

500

What document proposed the "Three Guarantees" of religion, independence, and unity in 1821 but opposed and did not include the ideals of the first caudillos?

The Plan of Iguala.

500

the troops of the Trigarante Army under the command of Iturbide, enter the capital city of Mexico

September 27, 1821