Arguments in Normal English
A statement that can be inferred directly from another statement.
What is an immediate inference?
Statements that often refer to a single person or thing. They are best translated as universals.
What are singular statements?
An argument that uses only hypothetical statements.
What is a hypothetical syllogism?
This type of logic is informally known as "street fighting logic"--popular informal forms of reasoning that are invalid or unhelpful.
What is informal logic fallacies?
The immediate inference that switches the subject and predicate of a statement.
What is a converse?
Statements that use if....then language and should be translated as particulars.
What are hypothetical statements?
The two basic, valid mixed hypothetical syllogisms.
What is modus ponens, modus tollens?
This fallacy is an illegitimate appeal to authority. "If my babysitter said it is true, then it is true". It is Latin for "He said it himself".
What is ipse dixit?
What is an obverse?
A word, often a relative pronoun or adverb that refers to a broad range of things or times. EX: whenever, whoever, whatever, however, always, never.
What is an inclusive?
The number of valid forms of syllogisms.
What is 24?
This fallacy appeals to the masses. "If most people believe it, then it is true"
What is ad populum?
What is contrapositive?
Words that exclude such as only, unless and except.
In order to begin to establish a valid conclusion you must do this first.
What is "put the statement into categorical form"?
This fallacy means "To the man". It is a verbal attack on a person rather than his argument.
What is ad hominum?
What is the complement?
An argument in which a statement is unstated and assumed; Or a syllogism with one assumed statement.
What is an enthymeme?
The branch of logic we are studying this year.
What is categorical logic?
This fallacy is an argument from lack of evidence. "Nothing has proved it false, so it must be true"
What is ad ignorantiam?