languages
YOU GOT LUCKY! 100 free points
100 free points
What animal that is now an important Canadian symbol was traded between First Nations and Settlers? What in particular was traded?
beaver - beaver pelt
What is a nomadic life style?
traveling from place to place, not living in one fixed spot to follow animals to hunt and the seasons
What is the name of a famous Indigenous heritage site related to buffalo hunting?
Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump
What did the French explorers call the area where they first arrived?
Gulf of St. Lawrence and New France
Who were the voyageurs?
mainly men, mainly French, working for Companies exploring new lands and transporting goods in Canoes
Who are the Metis people?
Descendants of Indigenous people and European settlers
What was the name of the first Canadian Prime Minister
How many numbered Treaties are there in Canada?
11
Why are languages so important to Indigenous people?
They serve them as a link to their history and culture. They have a strong oral tradition. Most history is not written down
How was the beaver fur used to make fancy felt hats?
The long hair was removed to reveal the dense, soft undercoat
Why did the HBC move inland and toward the west?
to reach more people and find more supplies
What were two traditional ways to hunt buffalo?
buffalo jumps, buffalo pounds, snow banks, water holes
How did the French people find ways to get further West?
They explored, but also started to work with Indigenous people to learn about travel routes
How did Voyageurs travel? What did they sometimes have to do?
in canoe, sometimes they had to carry it and everything in it.
how were the Metis people unique from the European or First Nations people?
They created their own culture, language and traditions by combining both, European and Indigenous ways of life
What was the name of Manitoba before it became the province of Manitoba?
Ruperts Land
What three Treaty Territories cover land that is now Alberta?
Treaty 6,7, and 8
Many people who speak endangered languages are getting older. What will happen to these languages once these remaining speakers die?
They will go extinct.
Why were European settlers looking in Canada for beavers?
The population in Europe had gone down too far
What important trading company was established based on the royal charter issued by the King of England in 1670?
Hudson's Bay Company
What animals were hunted by settlers a lot and why?
Name at least 2
Beaver, Salmon, Arctic Fox
for the meat (salmon) and fur
Which two big trading companies had a rivalry in exploring new lands in what is now Canada?
HBC and North West Company
what were the canoes of the Voyageurs traditionally made out of?
Birch Bark
What was the name of a famous Metis leader who went to Ottawa to fight for the rights of Metis people and negotiated the Red River area to become part of the Dominion of Canada?
Louis Riel
What did Sir John A. Macdonald have built in order to attract more Settlers from Europe?
A railway from the East Coast to the West Coast (CPR)
What are some examples of cultural or natural places of Significance for Indigenous people in Alberta?
Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump, Blackfoot Crossing, Okotoks, Writing-on-Stone Provincial Park, Paint Pots
What is one of the reasons that languages die?
it is easier for the few people that still speak it to speak in English or French because too few people speak their own language
What goods did Settlers trade pelts for?
weapons, pots, blankets, other rare goods that you could not get here
For how long have people lived on the lands we now called Canada?
over 12 000 years
what were two things that the buffalo can be used for other than for its meat?
hooves- glue,
bones - knives/ arrow-heads/needles/shovels/games
sinew- string, thread for sewing and bows
stomach- container, cups
skin - containers, clothing, teepee covers, drums, bags,...
John Talbot was the first British explorer in 1497 to see land. What land did he see?
New Foundland
How many hours daily would they paddle?
up to 15 hours, always 50min paddle, 10 min rest
Why were the Metis people so upset with the government of Canada?
they had not kept their promises, for example, the government sold land that was not theirs to newcomers from Europe
How many numbered Treaties are there, on which Treaty land do we live?
11 treaties, we are on Treaty 6 territory
When was treaty 6 signed?
1876 in Fort Carlton and Fort Pitt between the Crown, Cree, Chipweyan and Stoney nations.
What is one (or all three?)of the only three Indigenous languages that is expected to survive?
Cree, Inuktitut, Ojibwa
What did First Nations on the west coast and in the Arctic trade instead of beavers?
salmon and arctic fox
how could you define /describe Metis peoples
Metis people have both European and Indigenous ancestors
What does a maternal governing system mean?
Women are in charge
name two British explorers that were part of finding routes further and further west
Henry Hudson, Henry Kelsey, Anthony Henday, Alexander Mackenzie
What did the voyageurs do to entertain themselves during and after paddling all day?
sing songs, play instruments and dance traditional dances
The Metis negotiated long with the government, but finally the Red River Settlement entered into the confederation. Which province did it become?
Manitoba
what were some issues/problems during the development and signing of the treaties?
- language barriers
traditional understandings of "owning" land
- cultural differences
-different understandings of what the treaties meant
What were some promises that were made by the Government and by the First Nations?
Government: medical care, money, tools, food, education
Indigenous people: SHARE land