Earth's structure and systems
What layer of Earth do we live on?
The crust
What do we call the large pieces of Earth's crust that move slowly over time?
tectonic plates
What are the three main types of rocks?
igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic
what process changes liquid water into water vapor?
evaporation
What is a renewable resource?
a resource that can be replaced naturally in a short amount of time
What are the 4 layers of Earth (from outer to inner)?
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
What type of plate boundary moves two plates apart?
which type of rock forms from cooled magma or lava?
igneous
what process forms clouds when water vapor cools?
condensation
name one renewable resource.
solar, wind, geothermal, bioenergy, hydroelectric
Which layer of Earth contains convection currents and allows the tectonic plates to move?
mantle-> +50 if asthenosphere is mentioned
Which landform is most commonly formed at convergent boundaries?
mountains (volcanoes count too)
What process turns sediment into sedimentary rock? (Hint: starts with a c)
cementation
what term describes water falling from clouds as rain, snow, sleet, or hail?
precipitation
what is a nonrenewable resource?
a resource that takes millions of years to form and cannot be replaced quickly
What direct evidence shows which of Earth's layers are solid or liquid?
seismic waves
What type of boundary is responsible for creating earthquakes?
transform boundaries
How does metamorphic rock form?
intense heat and pressure
what is runoff?
water that flows over land into rivers, lakes, or oceans
name one nonrenewable resource.
oil, coal, natural gas, nuclear power
Why is Earth's outer core unique?
It is liquid- and it creates Earth's magnetic field
What is the pattern of plate boundaries that can be found around the Pacific Ocean that are responsible for earthquakes and volcanoes?
The Ring of Fire
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering breaks rock down; erosion moves them
How is the Sun involved in the water cycle?
it provides the energy for evaporation
What is one environmental advantage of using renewable resources?
they don't produce pollution