History and Formation of the EU
After which event did the idea of a united Europe arise?
After World War II
Which EU institution proposes new laws and oversees their implementation?
The European Commission.
When was the euro introduced in non-cash form?
In 1999
How many stars are on the EU flag, and what do they represent?
12 stars, symbolizing unity, solidarity, and harmony.
How many member states does the European Union currently have?
27
What was the name of the first European community, and when was it founded?
The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), founded in 1951.
Which institution consists of members elected by EU citizens?
The European Parliament.
When were euro banknotes and coins first used?
In 2002.
What is the anthem of the European Union, and who composed it?
“Ode to Joy” by Ludwig van Beethoven.
Which country left the European Union in 2020?
The United Kingdom.
Which two organizations were established by the Treaties of Rome in 1957?
The European Economic Community (EEC) and Euratom.
Which body brings together heads of state or government to set the EU’s main direction?
The European Council.
How many EU member states use the euro today?
20
When is Europe Day celebrated, and what does it commemorate?
May 9th; it commemorates the Schuman Declaration of 1950.
What is the name of the area where people can travel without border controls?
The Schengen Area.
Which treaty created the European Union, and when did it take effect?
The Maastricht Treaty, effective in 1993.
Which institution manages the euro and monetary policy?
The European Central Bank (ECB).
What are the four freedoms guaranteed by the EU’s single market?
Free movement of goods, people, services, and capital
What is the motto of the European Union, and what does it express?
“United in diversity” – expressing unity while respecting differences.
Name two current problems the EU is facing.
Examples: migration, climate change, energy crisis, war in Ukraine, regional inequalities.
When did the Czech Republic join the EU, and how many countries joined that year?
In 2004, together with nine other countries (ten total).
What is the main task of the Court of Justice of the European Union?
To ensure compliance with EU law.
Which EU program allows students and teachers to study or work abroad?
Erasmus+
Which three main EU symbols are mentioned in the text?
The flag, the anthem, and Europe Day.
Which three countries are mentioned as candidates for future EU membership?
Ukraine, Moldova, and countries of the Western Balkans (e.g., Serbia, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina).