A
A substance has particles that are tightly packed and vibrate in place. It has a definite volume and definite shape. What state is it?
What is a solid?
An element is shiny, can be hammered into a thin sheet, and conducts electricity. Which classification is most likely?
What is a Metal?
An element is dull, brittle when solid, and a poor conductor of electricity. Which classification is most likely?
What is a nonmetal?
A sample has a mass of 24 g and a volume of 6 mL. What is its density?
What is 4 g/mL?
A student has a substance with a definite volume but no definite shape. What state of matter is it?
What is a liquid?
Two samples contain the same substance. Sample A has particles moving slowly and close together. Sample B has particles moving much faster and farther apart. Which sample has more thermal energy?
What is Sample B?
A scientist needs a material for an electrical wire. Which property should the material have?
What is high electrical conductivity?
Why are metalloids sometimes described as having properties that are “in between” metals and nonmetals?
Because they have some physical properties similar to metals and some similar to nonmetals.
Object A has a mass of 40 g and a volume of 20 mL. Object B has a mass of 30 g and a volume of 5 mL. Which object is denser?
What is Object B?
Which would generally have particles moving the fastest: ice, liquid water, or water vapor?
What is water vapors?
A student pours 50 mL of water from a graduated cylinder into a beaker. The water changes shape but not the amount of space it occupies. What property of liquids does this demonstrate?
What is a liquid has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?
A student examines two elements:
Element A: shiny, malleable, good conductor
Element B: dull, brittle, poor conductor
Which element is most likely a metal, and what evidence supports the answer?
Element A, because it is shiny, malleable, and a good conductor.
An element is located along the stair-step region of the periodic table. What classification should you investigate first?
What is a metalloid?
A metal cube has a mass of 81 g and a volume of 9 cm³. What is its density?
What is 9 g/cm³?
A mystery element has these properties:
What classification is most likely?
What is a metal?
A sealed container holds a gas. The gas is heated, causing its particles to move faster. What happens to the kinetic energy of the particles?
What is the kinetic energy increases?
Copper and aluminum are commonly used for electrical wires. Which physical property makes them useful for this purpose?
Copper and aluminum are commonly used for electrical wires. Which physical property makes them useful for this purpose?
Silicon is used in many electronic devices. What property of silicon makes it particularly useful in electronics?
What is its ability to conduct electricity in a controlled way?
A student places an unknown object into a graduated cylinder. The water level rises from 35 mL to 47 mL. The object's mass is 60 g. What is the object's density?
What is 5 g/mL?
Clue:
A mystery element has these properties:
What classification is most likely?
What is a Non-Metal?
A student observes a substance that has no definite shape or volume and whose particles are very far apart and moving freely. The substance is compressed into a smaller container. What happens to the particles?
What is the particles become closer together and occupy the smaller available space?
A student says, “All metals are hard solids at room temperature.” Why is this statement not completely accurate?
Because not all metals have the same physical properties, and mercury is a metal that is liquid at room temperature.
A student claims that an element must be either a good conductor or a poor conductor. Explain why this claim does not accurately describe all elements
Metalloids can have intermediate or controllable electrical conductivity, so they do not fit neatly into only “good conductor” or “poor conductor.”
Two objects have the same volume. Object A has a mass of 80 g. Object B has a mass of 120 g. Without calculating, which object has greater density? Explain why.
Object B, because when two objects have the same volume, the object with greater mass has greater density.
A student is given an unknown element.
The student records:
What is a Metal?