Scientific Method
What is the scientific method?
It is a way for scientists to organize and collect data. Once they observe something and want to check and study it
What are the 3 broken down into (6) layers of the Earth?
Crust, Upper,Middle,Lower Mantle, Outer Core and Inner Core
Name two different types of Natural Hazards
Volcanoes and Earthquakes
What are the 3 different types of rocks?
Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic
What are some negative impacts humans have on the environment?
pollution (air and water), soil erosion, poaching, etc.
What is CER?
Claim
Evidence
Reasoning
Which layer of the earth is the hottest?
inner core
What are hotspot volcanoes?
Volcanoes that push through the middle of a tectonic plate forcing the magma up
What is the difference between extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks?
Intrusive-cools and hardens under ground
Extrusive- cools and hardens on the surface
What is a carrying capacity? How can it affect the earth?
The amount of people the earth can hold before it overloads. It can cause us to run out of our natural resources faster etc.
What is the order of the Scientific Method?
Question
Hypothesis
Experimentation
Collect/Analyze
Conclusion
What are the two parts of the crust?
oceanic and continental
What is the Richter Scale?
the scale from 0-9 measuring the magnitude of an earthquake
What are 3 ways to identify a mineral?
Color, Luster and Crystal Structure
What are 3 ways we can help the environment?
Reduce, Reuse and Recycle
What is a control group?
The group used to compare to the experimental groups (placebo group where nothing really changes)
Which part of the mantle are the convection currents found?
Middle Mantle
What instrument do scientists use to measure an earthquake?
Richter Scale and Seismograph
What is the scale used to categorize minerals? Can you explain?
Moh's Hardness Scale
0-10 on hardness (0 is Talc and 10 is Diamond)
What is the difference between renewable and non-renewable resources. Give an example of each.
Renewable- can be renewed in our lifetime (trees, water)
Non-renewable- cannot be renewed in our lifetime (coal, natural gas)
What is the difference between the Independent Variable and Dependent Variable? Can you give an example?
IV- doesn't depend on anything to change
DV-depends on the IV in order to change
What are convection currents and how do they affect tectonic plates?
A loop of hot air rising and cool air sinking causing the plates to move in the direction of the flow
What is the difference between a P wave, S wave and Surface Waves
P-starts in the earth moves the fastest-like a snake
S-travels up and causes the earth to vibrate-like ocean waves
Surface-where the earthquake is happening on the surface-causes the most destruction-combo of both snake and ocean
How a mineral breaks apart when it does NOT split evenly is known as...
Cleavage
What are fossil fuels? How are they formed?
Fossil fuels are natural resources used to provide energy. Fossil fuels took millions of years to make.
They are the remains of decomposed plants and animals.
Their energy comes from the energy produced by the plants and animals.