Greece and Rome
The king who created one of the largest empires in history by conquering many lands.
Who is Alexander the Great?
The city built near the Tiber River on the Italian Peninsula.
What is Rome?
The massive amphitheater in Rome used for gladiator fights and public spectacles.
What is the Colosseum?
The city preserved by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, revealing details of Roman daily life.
What is Pompeii?
The key trading and religious center in southwest Arabia controlled by the Quraysh tribe.
What is Mecca?
The culture that blended Greek ideas with Roman art and thinking.
What is Greco-Roman culture?
The patrician-led group in Rome that controlled finances and advised consuls.
What is the Senate?
The Roman general who declared himself dictator for life before being assassinated.
Who is Julius Caesar?
The northern tribes, like the Visigoths, that attacked and weakened Rome’s borders.
Who are barbarians?
The founder of Islam who convinced Arabs to abandon polytheism.
Who is Muhammad?
The period after Alexander’s conquests when Greek culture spread across his empire.
What is the Hellenistic Age?
Common people (farmers, artisans) who could vote but couldn’t hold
political office.
What are Plebeians?
The series of wars between Rome and Carthage in North Africa.
What are the Punic Wars?
The emperor who moved Rome’s capital to Byzantium and made Christianity the official religion.
Who is Constantine?
The Islamic leaders who followed Muhammad and spread Islam to new regions.
Who are caliphs?
The type of government where citizens elect their leaders, established by the Romans.
What is a republic?
The wealthy, elite families in Rome who could hold political office.
Who are patricians?
The 200-year period of peace and prosperity under Rome’s first emperor, Augustus.
What is the Pax Romana?
The organized set of simplified Roman laws created by Emperor Justinian.
What is the Justinian Code?
The capital city of Islamic Spain, known for its libraries and schools.
What is Cordoba?
The Roman numeral for 6.
What is VI?
The assembly created by Roman plebeians to pass laws for their group.
What is the Council of the Plebs?
The engineered channels that used gravity and arches to bring water to Roman cities.
What are aqueducts?
The two parts into which the Roman Empire split, one falling to invasions and the other becoming the Byzantine Empire.
What are the Western and Eastern Roman Empires?
The 700-year campaign by Christian kingdoms to retake Spain from Muslim rule, completed in 1492.
What is the Reconquista?