DNA
This is the organelle that holds the instructions (DNA) to make you
Nucleus
Unlike DNA, mRNA only has this many strands
What is one?
This is the process where the mRNA code is "read" to build a protein.
What is Translation?
These are the individual "building blocks" or ingredients that make up a protein.
What are amino acids?
A "mistake" or change in the DNA sequence is called this.
mutations
DNA is shaped like a twisted ladder, which scientists call this.
What is a Double Helix?
In mRNA, the letter "T" is replaced by this "Unique" letter.
What is Uracil (U)?
This is the organelle (the "Kitchen") where proteins are actually built.
What is a Ribosome?
When many amino acids are snapped together, they form this final product.
Protein
True or False: All mutations are harmful to an organism
False
In DNA base-pairing, Adenine (A) always pairs with this letter.
What is Thymine (T)?
If a DNA strand is TAC, the mRNA copy would be this.
What is AUG?
The Ribosome reads mRNA in groups of this many letter
What is three?
Your hair, skin, and muscles are all primarily made of this. Hint, it is not DNA
Proteins
This type of mutation happens when a base is accidentally left out.
Deletion
This is the process where a "copy" of DNA is made into mRNA
What is Transcription?
A 3-letter "word" of mRNA is called this
What is a Codon?
Scientists use this type of chart to "decode" mRNA into amino acids.
codon chart
If a base is added into the sequence, it is called this type of mutation.
Insertion
These are the three parts that make up a single "step" of the DNA ladder.
What are a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogen base?
mRNA is allowed to leave this "vault," while DNA must stay inside
What is the Nucleus?
his "delivery truck" molecule brings the amino acids to the ribosome.
What is tRNA?
List the main 3 steps of the central dogma in order
DNA, mRNA, protein
This type of mutation happens when one base is swapped for another
Substitution