Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
What organelle in plant cells performs photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts
What is the first step of any food chain?
The Sun emits energy / plants use sunlight.
What is a model that shows feeding relationships among many organisms?
A food web
What process adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
Cellular Respiration
Which organism helps turn nitrogen gas into usable nitrogen?
Bacteria
What gas do plants need to make sugar during photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide
Why can photosynthesis occur in the photic zone (top of the water) but NOT the aphotic zone (Deep in the water)?
Sunlight doesn’t reach the aphotic zone (deep water).
In a food web, what eats squid and gets energy from it? (Use page 37 to help you)
Leopard seal
Where do carbon atoms in a plant’s body come from?
Carbon dioxide in the air
Which cycle includes evaporation, condensation, and precipitation?
Water cycle
Animals can only go through one of these: Photosynthesis, or Cellular Respiration.
Cellular Respiration
As you move up an energy pyramid, does energy increase or decrease?
Decrease.
Which organisms are always at the base of an energy pyramid?
Producers / plants
Name two processes that return carbon to the atmosphere. (Hint page 50)
Respiration, combustion, decomposition
Which two things naturally “fix” atmospheric nitrogen?
Bacteria & lightning
What would happen to sugar production if the amount of carbon dioxide around a plant decreased?
Sugar production would drop because the plant has fewer materials to use.
Which of the following DOES NOT move continuously through ecosystems: water, aluminum, nitrogen, or energy?
Aluminum.
What level in the energy pyramid is squirrels who eat the fruit of a producer?
Trophic level 2.
Which process removes carbon dioxide from the air?
Photosynthesis
Explain what the greenhouse gas effect is.
The greenhouse gas effect is Earth's natural process of trapping solar heat through CO2 and other gases, and keeping the planet warm enough for life.
Cellular respiration is the process in which organisms break down food to release _____.
Energy
Explain how matter and energy move differently through ecosystems.
Energy flows in ONE direction and decreases, but matter (carbon, nitrogen, water) cycles and is reused.
A hawk eats a snake that ate a mouse that ate seeds.
What trophic level is the hawk in?
4th (tertiary consumer)
What happens to carbon in animals after they die?
Decomposers break them down, returning carbon to the soil and air.
Why might climate change increase precipitation?
Warmer temperatures cause more evaporation.