Chapter 9
What is the simplest repeating unit in a crystal
unit cell
groups 3-12
transitional metals
speed of light
3.00 x 10m/s
energy associated with motion
kinetic
standard atmosphere
760torr
A solid whose particles are characterized by a regular, repeating, three-dimensional pattern
crystalline
What are groups 1, 2, and 13-18 called
main-group elements
The number of complete waves that pass a point at a given time
frequency
internal energy plus the product of the pressure and volume
enthalpy
What law does both temp and pressure affect volume
combined gas law
A molecule of CO2, in which two polar bonds symmetrically in opposite directions
nonpolar
The ability of chemically combined atoms to attract electrons to themselves
electronegativity
one wave per second is measured in
hertz
chemical reactions that cause energy to be absorbed
endothermic
Torr equals
1mmHg
What principle states that elements tend to react chemically to achieve a noble-gas electron configuration, whether by losing, gaining, or sharing electrons
octet rule
group 16
chalogens
planck's constant
6.63 x 10-23
Pv=nRt
ideal gas law
What law states the volume of a given amount of a gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to the temperature
Charles Law
What type of bond results from the sharing of six electrons
triple bond
group 18
noble gases
What spectrum contains only certain colors
line spectrum
states that the entropy of the universe is always increasing
second law of thermodynamics
What law states that constant temperature for a given amount of gas, volume varies inversely with pressure
Boyles