Show:
Scientific Method
Vocabulary
Rocks and Minerals
Inside Earth
Inside Earth Part 2
100
What is a variable?
Factors that can change in an experiment must be the same.
100
What is radiation?
The transfer of energy through empty space (ex: sunlight); takes place with no direct contact between a heat source and an object.
100
How are sedimentary rock formed and what are the characteristics of a sedimentary rock?
When different types of sediment (sand, dirt, and pebbles) are pressed together to create new rock. Characteristics - layers and example would be sandstone.
100
What is deformation?
The term that means any change in the volume or shape of Earth’s crust.
100
What is the inner core?
A dense ball of solid metal.
200
What is a responding / dependent variable?
The factor that may change in response to the manipulated variable.
200
What is a geologist?
Are scientist who study the forces that make and shape the planet.
200
How are sedimentary rock formed and what are the characteristics of an igneous rock?
When melted rock hardens and cools. Characteristics - black, shinny - Obsidian light color with holes - pumice
200
What is compression?
The stress that squeezes rock
200
Deep underwater canyons are called …
Deep Ocean Trenches
300
What is a manipulated / independent variable?
The one variable that is purposely changed to test the hypothesis.
300
What is conduction?
Heat transfer by direct contact of particles of matter (ex: spoon getting hot in pot)
300
How are sedimentary rock formed and what are the characteristics of a metamorphic rock?
Sedimentary or igneous that have undergone intense heat and pressure. characteristics - looks differently depending on what types of rock undergoes heat and pressure, For example when limestone (a sedimentary rock) is changed under heat and pressure it turns into marble has layers or is white and shinny.
300
What is a break in the Earth's crust?
Fault
300
What is a weak spot in the crust where molten materials comes to the surface?
Volcano
400
What is the scientific method?
It is the steps someone takes to identify a question, develop a hypothesis, design and carry out steps or procedure to test the hypothesis write down data, and draw a conclusion.
400
What is a continent?
Great land masses that are surrounded by ocean.
400
What are the characteristics that geologist use to classify rocks?
Texture, color, and mineral composition
400
What is stress?
The force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume
400
What are tectonic plates made of?
The rigid lithosphere
500
A scientist was trying to see if the type of dog food would affect a dog’s weight gain. She had 10 white poodles that were the same age and weight. She measured their weight daily and gave one group wet dog food and the other group dry dog food. The dog received the same amount of dog food. What is the manipulated variable? What is the responding variable? What is the controlled variable?
Manipulated - dog food Responding - Weight gain Controlled - all poodles, same age, same start weight
500
What is a convection current?
The flow that transfers heat within a fluid; set in motion by the heating and cooling of the fluid, changes in the fluid’s density, and gravity; continues as long as heat is added
500
What are five characteristics of a mineral?
It must be solid, must occur naturally, non-living material, has a definite chemical formula, and has a crystal structure
500
What are the types of boundary and how do they move?
Convergent - The place where two plates come together, or converge. There are three styles of convergent plate boundaries Divergent -Spreading ridges As plates move apart new material is erupted to fill the gap. The Place where two plates move apart of diverge. Transform - A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions.
500
What is the differences between conduction, convection, and radiation. Give an example of each heat transfer.
Conduction - Heat transfer by direct contact of particles of matter (ex: spoon getting hot in pot) Convection - Heat transfer by the movement of a heated fluid; heated particles of fluid begin to flow, transferring heat energy from one part of the fluid to another. (boiling a pot of water) Radiation -The transfer of energy through empty space (ex: sunlight); takes place with no direct contact between a heat source and an object. (Ice cream melting)