Author’s Purpose
What is the author’s purpose in dividing a passage into sections?
To organize ideas clearly for the reader.
What is one key idea about how human development affects wildlife?
As cities expand and roads are built, large forests are broken into smaller patches, limiting the space animals need to find food, water, and shelter. Many species struggle to move between these fragmented areas, increasing their risk of starvation, isolation, or even getting hit by vehicles.
It can create obstacles that make it harder for animals to travel.
_______________ is when the narrator is a character in the story. Pronouns used include I, me, we. The reader of the text knows only what the character knows.
First-Person Point of View
Fact or opinion? "Wildlife overpasses cost too much money."
Opinion
What is the similarity between the two passages about wildlife?
Both passages highlight the importance of wildlife in ecological systems, emphasizing how animals influence their environments.
Why might an author begin a passage with an anecdote?
To engage the reader with a real-life example.
Which sentence best supports the idea that roads can be dangerous for animals?
As cities expand and roads are built, large forests are broken into smaller patches, limiting the space animals need to find food, water, and shelter. Many species struggle to move between these fragmented areas, increasing their risk of starvation, isolation, or even getting hit by vehicles.
Many species struggle to move between these fragmented areas, increasing their risk of starvation, isolation, or even getting hit by vehicles."
________is when the narrator is not a character within the story. There are two types of this point of view: omniscient and limited.
Third Person POV
Fact or opinion? "Wildlife mortalities dropped by 92%."
Fact
How does one passage focus more on solutions than the other?
Passage B focuses more on solutions, discussing specific conservation strategies to combat the decline of wildlife, while Passage A primarily describes the roles of wildlife in ecosystems.
What is the author’s purpose in comparing two like things?
To highlight similarities and help the reader relate to the topic
How does the passage support the idea that underpasses help animals?
As cities expand and roads are built, large forests are broken into smaller patches, limiting the space animals need to find food, water, and shelter. Many species struggle to move between these fragmented areas, increasing their risk of starvation, isolation, or even getting hit by vehicles.
The passage supports the idea that underpasses help animals by highlighting the challenges posed by urban development, such as the fragmentation of forests and the difficulties animals face in navigating between these separated areas.
Based on its Latin root, what does "infrastructure" mean?
The basic systems needed for a society to function.
Fact or opinion? "Animals must adapt to changes caused by humans."
Opinion
How do the main ideas of the two passages differ?
The main idea of Passage A centers on the ecological roles of wildlife, whereas Passage B emphasizes the need for conservation efforts to protect wildlife and their habitats.
What possible two purposes might an author have for writing about environmental problems?
To inform readers and persuade them to take action.
What can you imply from the text that some animals adapt to human development?
As cities expand and roads are built, large forests are broken into smaller patches, limiting the space animals need to find food, water, and shelter. Many species struggle to move between these fragmented areas, increasing their risk of starvation, isolation, or even getting hit by vehicles.
It implies that certain species might develop strategies to cope with the challenges of urbanization.
intercept: /in-tər-ˈsept/ 1. to stop, seize or interrupt something before arrival 2. to gain possession of 3. to include between two points, curves or surfaces 4. to interrupt communication
Which definition best matches the meaning of the word intercept in the sentence below?
The spy managed to intercept the secret message before it reached the enemy, preventing a major security breach.
to stop, seize, or interrupt something before arrival.
Fact or opinion? "Many species need to travel from one place to another."
Fact
Which passage is structured more as a cause-and-effect explanation?
Passage A is structured more as a cause-and-effect explanation, illustrating how the presence of wolves affects elk populations and vegetation.
Why might an author use a cause-and-effect structure to support their purpose?
It helps show the relationship between events and their consequences. This structure lets the reader understand how one action leads to a specific outcome, making the argument more logical and persuasive.
Why is citing evidence important when analyzing an argument?
It strengthens the argument by providing factual support.
embrace /im-ˈbrās/ 1. to clasp in the arms 2. to take up gladly 3. enclose 4. to be equal
Which definition best matches the meaning of the word embrace in the sentence below?
After being apart for months, Sarah ran to embrace her best friend in a tight hug.
To clasp in the arms.
Fact or opinion? "Supporting human and animal travel patterns is too expensive."
Opinion.
What is a key difference in how the authors present their ideas?
A key difference in presentation is that Passage A uses descriptive examples to illustrate ecological roles, while Passage B outlines actionable solutions and emphasizes the urgency of conservation efforts.