Newton’s Laws
What does Newton’s First Law say?
An object stays at rest or in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
What is inertia?
The resistance to a change in motion.
What unit is used to measure force?
Newtons (N)
What is the formula for momentum?
p = m × v.
What does “directly proportional” mean?
When one value increases, the other increases too.
What does Newton’s Second Law describe?
The relationship between force, mass, and acceleration (F = ma).
What does inertia depend on?
Mass
What is the formula for acceleration?
a = F ÷ m (acceleration equals force divided by mass).
What is the unit for momentum?
kg·m/s.
What does “inversely proportional” mean?
When one value increases, the other decreases.
What does Newton’s Third Law say?
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Which object has more inertia — a bowling ball or a tennis ball?
Bowling ball
If force increases and mass stays the same, what happens to acceleration?
Acceleration increases
What does the Law of Conservation of Momentum say?
Total momentum stays the same before and after a collision.
Force and acceleration are what type of relationship?
Directly proportional.
you push on a wall and it pushes back, which law is shown?
Newton’s Third Law.
If your car stops suddenly and you keep moving forward, what is that an example of?
Inertia
What happens to acceleration if mass increases and force stays the same?
Acceleration decreases.
When two bumper cars collide, what happens to their total momentum?
It stays the same (momentum is conserved).
Mass and acceleration are what type of relationship?
Inversely proportional.
What causes an object to accelerate?
An unbalanced force.
Does your inertia change on the Moon? Why?
No, it stays the same because mass doesn’t change.
A 10 kg object accelerates at 3 m/s². What is the force?
30 N.
What is impulse?
Change in momentum (final momentum – initial momentum).
If you double the force on an object, what happens to its acceleration?
It doubles.