Newton's Laws of Motion
Balanced force is two or more forces that are equal in all directions. Is the object stationary or moving?
The object is stationary.
What charge does a NEUTRON have?
Neutral
What number tells you the number of protons and electrons?
Atomic Number
Which elements are in the RED energy level 1?
Hydrogen and Helium
What state of matter is ice (frozen water)?
Solid
Unbalanced force is two or more forces that are unequal in all directions. Is the object stationary or moving?
The object is moving.
Electrons live in the ________ _______.
Electron Cloud
Which element has the atomic number 6?
Carbon
To be happy or stable, elements can _____ or _____ electrons to look like a noble gas.
lose or gain electrons
What has a fixed volume, but does NOT have a fixed shape?
Liquids
Newton's ______ law of motion states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Newton's Third Law of Motion
What are the three subatomic particles?
Protons, Electrons, Neutrons
What is the name of the element with the symbol P?
Phosphorus
Sodium can lose 1 electron to look like which noble gas?
Neon
What does NOT have a fixed shape and does NOT have a fixed volume?
Gases
Newton's _____ law of motion states that an object with more mass can produce more force.
Newton's Second Law of Motion
Bohr discovered that there is a "seating chart" in the electron cloud based on the lights emitted when electrons were excited. How many energy levels are in the electron cloud?
7 energy levels / 7 colors in the rainbow.
What is the difference between atomic mass and average mass?
Atomic mass is the mass of ONE individual atom. Like Carbon-14. The average mass is the average mass of all versions of that element. Carbon's average mass is 12.01.
How many VALENCE ELECTRONS does Aluminum have? (Al)
3 valence electrons
In what state of matter do compounds have A LOT of kinetic energy?
Gas
Newton's _______ law of motion states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Newton's First Law of Motion
Rutherford shot positively charged radiation particles through 3 gold atoms. 99% of these particles passed through the empty space of the electron cloud. 1% were repelled or pushed back by the nucleus. What is the relative mass and charge of the nucleus?
The nucleus has a large mass and a positive charge.
What is the equation to calculate the number of neutrons?
Atomic Mass - Atomic Number = Neutrons
Chlorine has ____ electrons in RED energy level 1, ____ electrons in ORANGE energy level 2, and _____ electrons in YELLOW energy level 3.
2 in red, 8 in orange, 7 in yellow.
Solids have _____________________ of attractions/bonds.
A LOT