Traits & Reproduction
Three tigers have different parents. They all have the same proteins for stripe pattern in their cells. What can you say about the tigers' stripe patterns?
(A) They will have the same stripe patterns since all tigers have the same stripe pattern.
(B) They will have the same stripe patterns since their proteins for stripe pattern are the same so the proteins will connect in the same way.
(C) They will have different stripe patterns because even with the same proteins for stripe pattern, the proteins can connect in different way.
(D) They will have different stripe patterns since only offspring from the same parents have the same stripe patterns.
(B) They will have the same stripe patterns since their proteins for stripe pattern are the same so the proteins will connect in the same way.
Finish the sentence:
All living things are made of...
Cells
In some places, hot water from underground can shoot up into the air through a hole in the ground. When this happens, the ground surrounding the water increases in temperature. What happens to the molecules in the ground when the temperature of the ground increase?
(A) More heat molecules combine with the molecules in the ground.
(B) The energy of the molecules in the ground decreases.
(C) The energy of the molecules in the ground increases.
(D) The cold energy of the molecules in the ground decreases.
(C) The energy of the molecules in the ground increases.
Climate researchers are creating a computer simulation to help them understand changes in the Earth system. They want to use the simulation to see what happens when they increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. What should their simulation show about energy absorbed by Earth’s surface? When carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases, the amount of energy absorbed by Earth’s surface should...
(A) increase.
(B) decrease.
(C) stay at a constant level.
(D) change unpredictably.
(A) increase.
Day 1 and Day 2 in Greenville started with the same amount of water vapor in the air parcels there. It rained at the end of Day 2 but it did not rain at the end of Day 1.
What could have happened to the air parcel to cause rainfall on Day 2?
(A) The air parcel was warmer than the surrounding air, so it lost energy.
(B) The air parcel was warmer than the surrounding air, so it gained energy.
(C) The air parcel was at the same low temperature as the surrounding air, so it had low energy.
(D) The air parcel was cooler than the surrounding air, so it gained energy.
(A) The air parcel was warmer than the surrounding air, so it lost energy.
There are two junco birds that each have different proteins in their cells for beak pointiness. They have different parents. What can you say about the birds' beak pointiness?
(A) They will have the same beak pointiness because even with different proteins for beak pointiness, the proteins can connect in the same way.
(B) They will have different beak pointiness since offspring from different parents will have different beak pointiness.
(C) They will have different beak pointiness since their proteins for beak pointiness are different so the proteins will connect in different ways.
(D) They will have the same beak pointiness since all junco birds have the same beak pointiness.
(C) They will have different beak pointiness since their proteins for beak pointiness are different so the proteins will connect in different ways.
The human microbiome contains approximately 100 trillion microorganisms. Most of these are bacteria.
Is the following statement true or false?
Bacteria can be both healthy and harmful to the human body.
True
Engineers design computers to cool down quickly so they do not break. What happens to the molecules in a computer when the temperature of the computer decreases?
(A) The energy of the molecules in the computer decreases.
(B) The energy of the molecules in the computer increases.
(C) The cold energy of the molecules in the computer increases.
(D) The computer loses heat molecules.
(A) The energy of the molecules in the computer decreases.
Using evidence from rocks, scientists have found that from 300 to 290 million years ago, the amount of methane in the atmosphere increased. What happened to the energy absorbed by Earth’s surface during this time? During this time, the amount of energy absorbed by Earth’s surface...
(A) stayed at a constant level.
(B) changed unpredictably.
(C) increased.
(D) decreased.
(C) increased.
Day 1 and Day 2 in Kokomo started with the same amount of water vapor in the air parcels over Kokomo. It rained at the end of Day 1 but it did not rain at the end of Day 2.
What could have happened to the air parcel to cause rainfall on Day 1?
(A) The air parcel was at the same low temperature as the surrounding air, so it had low energy.
(B) The air parcel was warmer than the surrounding air, so it gained energy.
(C) The air parcel was warmer than the surrounding air, so it lost energy.
(D) The air parcel was cooler than the surrounding air, so it gained energy
(C) The air parcel was warmer than the surrounding air, so it lost energy.
There are two bears that both have the same proteins for ear shape in their cells. The bears have different parents. What can you say about the bears' ear shape?
(A) They will have the same ear shape since their proteins for ear shape are the same so the proteins will connect in the same way.
(B) They will have the same ear shape since all bears have the same ear shape.
(C) They will have different ear shapes because even with the same proteins for ear shape, the proteins can connect in different ways.
(D) They will have different ear shapes since only offspring from the same parents have the same ear shape.
(A) They will have the same ear shape since their proteins for ear shape are the same so the proteins will connect in the same way.
What are some of the symptoms of a C. difficile bacterial infection and what is one way to attempt treatment?
C. difficile infections are infections of the gut. They can be very dangerous, and in some cases end in death. Bloating, diarrhea, and stomach pain are the most common symptoms.
One potential treatment is a fecal transplant.
Nistu is cooking rice in a pot. When she leaves the pot on the stove for a while, the temperature of the rice increases. What happens to the molecules of the rice when the temperature of the rice increases?
(A) The energy of the molecules in the rice increase.
(B) The cold energy of the molecules in the rice decreases.
(C) The energy of the molecules in the rice decreases.
(D) More heat molecules combine with the molecules in the rice.
(A) The energy of the molecules in the rice increase.
The Pleistocene Epoch lasted for about 2.6 million years. During this time, there were a few time periods when the amount of methane in the atmosphere decreased. What would scientists expect to observe about the amount of energy absorbed by Earth’s surface during the time periods when methane decreased? During these time periods, the amount of energy absorbed by Earth’s surface...
(A) increased.
(B) decreased.
(C) stayed at a consistent level.
(D) changed unpredictably.
(B) decreased.
Air Parcel 1 is warmer than the surrounding air. Air Parcel 2 is at the same temperature as the surrounding air. Air Parcel 1 and Air Parcel 2 started with the same amount of water vapor in them.
Which air parcel will have more rainfall and why?
(A) Both air parcels will have the same amount of rain. They have the same surrounding air temperature, so the same amount of water vapor will fall as rain.
(B) Air Parcel 1 will lose more energy to the surrounding air, which will cause more water vapor to fall as rain.
(C) Air Parcel 1 will gain energy from the surrounding air, which will cause more water vapor to fall as rain.
(D) Air Parcel 2 is colder than Air Parcel 1, so more water vapor will fall as rain.
(B) Air Parcel 1 will lose more energy to the surrounding air, which will cause more water vapor to fall as rain.
Two sharks have different parents. The two sharks have different proteins in their cells for the dark color on the tip of their fins. What can you say about the color on the tip of the two sharks' fins?
(A) The fins will be the same color since all sharks have the same fin color.
(B) The fins will be the same color because even with different proteins for fin color, the proteins can connect in the same way.
(C) The fins will be different colors since offspring from different parents will have different colored fins.
(D) The fins will be a different color since their proteins for fin color are different so the proteins will connect in different ways.
(D) The fins will be a different color since their proteins for fin color are different so the proteins will connect in different ways.
To the best of your ability, define: Microscopic.
Too small to be seen with the naked eye.
Rico and Bree are camping and have potatoes wrapped in foil to eat. Bree put her potato in the campfire for a while, but Rico did not. Now Bree’s potato has a high temperature. What is the difference between the molecules of the two potatoes?
(A) There is no difference because both potatoes are made of the same type of molecules.
(B) The molecules of Rico’s potato are smaller than the molecules of Bree’s potato.
(C) The molecules of Bree’s potato are moving and the molecules of Rico’s potato are not moving.
(D) The molecules of Bree’s potato are moving faster than the molecules of Rico’s potato.
(D) The molecules of Bree’s potato are moving faster than the molecules of Rico’s potato.
Scientists are using a computer simulation to test ideas about climate on Earth. Looking at one period of time in the simulation, they notice that more energy entered the Earth system than exited. How might the amount of carbon dioxide have changed to cause this, and how would this have changed the energy in the Earth system? In the simulation,...
(A) carbon dioxide decreased, leading to more energy in the Earth system and more energy absorbed by Earth’s surface.
(B) carbon dioxide decreased, leading to less energy in the Earth system and less energy absorbed by Earth’s surface.
(C) carbon dioxide increased, leading to less energy in the Earth system and less energy absorbed by Earth’s surface.
(D) carbon dioxide increased, leading to more energy in the Earth system and more energy absorbed by Earth’s surface.
(D) carbon dioxide increased, leading to more energy in the Earth system and more energy absorbed by Earth’s surface.
The town of Anzac had two rainstorms in September. Storm 2 had more rainfall than Storm 1. The temperature of the surrounding areas was the same before both storms.
What could explain why Storm 2 had more rainfall than Storm 1? Before Storm 2, the air parcel at the surface could have been:
(A) cooler, so when the air parcel moved higher, it gained more energy.
(B) cooler, so the air parcel had low energy and remained near the surface.
(C) warmer, so when cooler air from above moved down, it lost more energy.
(D) warmer, so when the air parcel moved higher, it lost more energy
(D) warmer, so when the air parcel moved higher, it lost more energy
Echidnas hatch from an egg and develop bristles as they mature. Two echidnas have different parents. One has thick bristles while the other has thin bristles. Why do the echidnas have bristles with different thicknesses?
(A) The echidnas have different versions of the gene for bristle thickness. The genes are a different thickness in each echidna’s bristles.
(B) The echidnas have different versions of the gene for bristle thickness, which instruct for different proteins that connect in different ways to make bristles of different thicknesses.
(C) Each echidna has a different bristle thickness because offspring from different parents will have bristles of different thicknesses.
(D) Each echidna has a different bristle thickness because they have different versions of the gene for bristle thickness that connect together to make different bristle thicknesses.
(B) The echidnas have different versions of the gene for bristle thickness, which instruct for different proteins that connect in different ways to make bristles of different thicknesses.
A few tablespoons of feces from a healthy donor are homogenized in water, filtered, and then delivered to the colon of the recipient. The healthy/helpful bacteria can restore balance to the gut microbiome.
Joseph puts a piece of toast on a plate. The toast is hot from the toaster. When he puts the toast on the plate, the energy of the plate increases. What must be true of the energy of the toast?
(A) Its energy stays the same while the energy of the plate increases.
(B) Its energy decreases while the energy of the plate increases.
(C) Its energy increases while the energy of the plate increases.
(D) It is impossible to know without data on the number of molecules in each object.
(B) Its energy decreases while the energy of the plate increases.
Scientists found evidence of a time period 3 billion years ago when less energy entered the Earth system than exited. What is one change to the atmosphere that could have caused this, and how did it change the amount of energy in the Earth system?
(A) Methane increased, leading to more energy in the Earth system and more energy absorbed by Earth’s surface.
(B) Methane increased, leading to less energy in the Earth system and less energy absorbed by Earth’s surface.
(C) Methane decreased, leading to more energy in the Earth system and more energy absorbed by Earth’s surface.
(D) Methane decreased, leading to less energy in the Earth system and less energy absorbed by Earth’s surface.
(D) Methane decreased, leading to less energy in the Earth system and less energy absorbed by Earth’s surface.
The town of San Angelo had two rainstorms in July. Storm 1 had more rainfall than Storm 2. The temperature of the surrounding areas was the same before both storms.
What could explain why Storm 1 had more rainfall than Storm 2? Before Storm 1, the air parcel at the surface could have been:
(A) warmer, so when the air parcel moved higher, it lost more energy.
(B) warmer, so when cooler air from above moved down, it lost more energy.
(C) cooler, so when the air parcel moved higher, it gained more energy.
(D) cooler, so the air parcel had low energy and remained near the surface.
(A) warmer, so when the air parcel moved higher, it lost more energy.