Scientific Method
What is the first step of the scientific method?
Making observations
What tool measures atmospheric pressure?
A barometer
Give one example of potential energy and one example of kinetic energy
Answers vary
What is the basic unit of life?
A cell
What is inherited from parents in sexual reproduction?
Traits or genes
What is a testable explanation for a question or problem?
Hypothesis
What is the difference between weather and climate?
Weather is short-term; climate is long-term.
What are the three methods of heat transfer?
Conduction, convection, and radiation
Which organelle stores and protects DNA?
The nucleus
What is one difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction involves two parents and creates genetic variation
What is the name of the variables that are kept the same in a controlled experiment?
Controlled variables or constants
What is the name of the current that originates near Alaska in the Northern Pacific Ocean and moves south along the coast of California?
The California Current
What does temperature measure?
The average kinetic energy of particles in a system
Which human body system is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients throughout your body?
The circulatory system
What is the difference between a genotype and phenotype?
Genotype - the combination of alleles that are inherited.
Phenotype - the expression of the genotype.
What components should a good graph have?
S - scale
U - units
L - labels
T - title
A - accuracy
N - neatness
What are two influences of weather and climate?
Latitude, Proximity to water, ocean currents, prevailing winds, and topography
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
What is one differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Prokaryotic cells are typically much smaller
Prokaryotic cells are primarily bacteria and archaea
Name three structures of a flower that assist in pollination
What is the difference between a theory and a hypothesis?
A theory is a well-tested explanation; a hypothesis is an educated guess on a single experiment.
Define specific heat
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius
What is the gravitational potential energy of a 10 kg object at a height of 5 meters?
PE = mgh
PE = (10 kg) * (10 m/s^2) * (5 meters) = 500 J
What are three types of sensory receptors?
Mechanoreceptors, chemoreceptors, photoreceptors, proprioceptors, nociceptors, and thermoreceptors
In a population of dogs, some individuals have black fur and others have brown fur. The gene for fur color has two possible alleles. One allele is for black fur (F), and the other allele is for brown fur (f).
Two dogs that are are heterozygous for the fur color gene (Ff) are bred. What is the probability that the offspring will have black fur?
75%