Nature of Science
We know more about science than we did 500 years ago. This tells us what?
What is that scientific knowledge changes over time based on evidence?
Hottest liquid layer of Earth?
Inner Core
What force slows down the speed of a parachute?
Air resistance
What is cell homeostasis?
The ability of a cell to maintain a stable, balanced internal environment despite changes in external conditions.
Match the following infections agents to their description:
1 - Viruses
2 - Bacteria
3 - Fungi
4 - Parasites
A. Invade and destroy a cell
B. Skin infections - transferred by touch
C. Lives and feeds on a host causing harm to host
D. Insert genetic code in healthy cell to create more virus cells (must have host)
1 - D
2 - A
3 - B
4 - D
The observations, measurements, and other types of data that people gather to test, and support, and evaluate scientific explanations?
What is empirical evidence?
Layers of atmosphere
Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere
If two basketballs are thrown at the hoop at the exact same time and they hit one another, this happens to the the ball's speed and this happens to the ball's direction
What is a change in both speed and direction?
Describe the three parts of the Cell Theory.
1 - All life is composed of cells
2 - Cells are the basic unit of life
3 - Cells arise from other cells
Match the following human body systems to their functions:
1 - Digestive
2 - Respiratory
3 - Circulatory
4 - Reproductive
A. Transfers nutrients to cells (blood)
B. Breaks down food for energy (stomach)
C. Creates life (sperm/egg - 1/2 chromosomes)
D. Exchange of gases (lungs)
1 - B
2 - D
3 - A
4 - C
This is an orderly procedure carried out with the goal of verifying, refuting, or establishing the validity of a hypothesis.
What is a scientific experiment?
This tells us the weather conditions in an area over a long period of time
Climate
This occurs on a distance time graph when a person or object stops moving at a constant speed
What is a straight line?
Order the following terms from least complex to most complex:
Organs, Molecules, Organisms, Atoms, Tissues, Cells, Organ Systems
Atoms, Molecules, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, Organisms
Match the following human body systems to their functions:
1 - Excretory
2 - Immune
3 - Nervous
4 - Skeletal
5 - Endocrine
A. Controls actions and reactions (neurons)
B. Regulates hormones – homeostasis (glands)
C. Recognize & attack foreign substances such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi (white blood cells)
D. Eliminates waste (lungs, skin, and kidneys)
E. Framework, protection, movement (bones/joints/muscles)
1 - D
2 - C
3 - A
4 - E
5 - B
This is the process of obtaining information by using the senses
What is observation?
Name the main gases the atmosphere consist of
Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Argon etc
This force occurs when the Sun pulls planets towards itself
Gravitational force
What are the main differences between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have chloroplasts and cell walls, while animal cells do not.
Name the three Domains, according to the Linnaean system of classification.
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
This is defining a problem, forming a hypothesis and making a prediction, then planning an investigation, identifiying variables, collecting and organizing data, interpreting data and analyzing information, and defending conclusions.
What is the scientific method?
Describe Earth and its atmosphere.
Include:
Shape and features of Earth
Layers of the atmosphere
Importance of the atmosphere
Earth is almost spherical in shape and has land, water, and air that support life. Its main features include oceans, mountains, plains, and rivers.
Earth is surrounded by the atmosphere, which has layers called the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.
The atmosphere is important because it provides oxygen, protects Earth from harmful Sun rays, controls temperature, and allows weather to occur.
The Law of Universal Gravitation tells us that the amount of gravitation force exerted depends on these two factors
What are mass and distance?
Match the following cell organelles to their functions:
1 - Nucleus
2 - Cell Membrane
3 - Mitochondria
4 - Cell Wall
5 - Chloroplasts
6 - Cytoplasm
7 - Vacuoles
A. Provides energy (cellular respiration)
B. Provides support and protection for plant cells
C. Produces food for plants (photosynthesis)
D. Contains genetic material
E. Jelly-like substance where organelles are found
F. Water storage
G. Allows specific molecules in and out of the cell
1 - D
2 - G
3 - A
4 - B
5 - C
6 - E
7 - F
Name the four Kingdoms that fall under the Domain Eukarya, according to the Linnaean system of classification.
Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista