Topic 1
Which is the state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape, it takes the shape of the container it’s in?
Liquid
What do you call the basic unit of all living things?
Cell
What is an artificial body part?
Prosthetic Device
What is the uncontrolled growth of harmful microorganisms in a body called ?
Infection
What is the body system that permits movement and locomotion in animals?
Muscular system
What is a material called that DOES NOT allow heat or energy to pass through it easily?
Insulator
What do scientists call the boundary that surrounds his cell and controls which substances can enter or leave the cell?
Cell membrane
What do you call the process of learning about a system by taking that system apart to find out how it works and what it is made of
Reverse Engineering
What is a tightly wound bundle of DNA and proteins, found in the nucleus of most living things?
Chromosome
What is a part of an organism; also refers to the way parts are put together?
Structure
What do you call a change of state from liquid to gas throughout the fluid?
Boiling
What do you call any cell or organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus
Eukaryote
What do you call potential limitations to an engineering process that include the costs to make something, materials available, and safety concerns
Design constraints
What are the three types of muscles in the body?
The three types of muscles are skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
How do animal cells and plant cells differ?
Plant cells usually have additional structures that animal cells do not. These include a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large, water filled vacuole.
How can heat be transferred from one substance to another?
Heat can be transferred in three ways; conduction, convection, and radiation
Wha are the tenets of Cell theory?
(1) all organisms are made out of one or more cells; (2) cells are the smallest units of life. (3) cells come from pre-existing cells via cell division
What considerations or constraints go into the design of a biomechanically engineered device?
The main consideration is its intended function. Other considerations are maintenance and cost.
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Both are processes of cell division. Mitosis results in the division of one cell to form two cells identical to the parent cell. Meiosis results in the division of one cell to form four cells that each have one half of the number of chromosomes present in the parent cell.
What is the structure and function of neurons?
Neurons have three main parts: the soma, which is the main body; the dendrite, which branches off the soma; and the axon, which extends the opposite direction away from the soma. Dendrites receive information and axons send information.
What is heat and how can it affect the molecules of a substance?
Heat is the transfer of thermal energy and when it is increased, molecules in a substance speed up and can change states of matter
What structures do most cells have in common?
Most cells have many structures in common. Included among these are cytoplasm, a cell membrane, a nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, and vacuoles.
What are Assistive Technologies and give an example.
Assistive technologies include any tool or device that helps someone with a disability perform a task with greater ease and independence. Ex. hearing aid, wheelchairs, or walkers
What are the two main parts of the nervous system, and how do they function?
The two main parts are the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, and it controls all of the body's functions. It sends messages between the brain, the spinal cord, and other parts of the body. The PNS is the second part of the nervous system. It branches out from the spinal cord to all parts of the body. It aids in sending, and receiving the messages to and from the brain
How does our immune system protect our bodies from disease?
The immune system protects our body from disease in several ways. First, our skin keeps out foreign invaders like viruses and bacteria. Our mouth and nose produce secretions to help move pathogens that enter when we breathe. White blood cells (WBC) attack pathogens that enter our bloodstream. The acid in our stomach kills pathogens that enter when we eat food. Our body fights general infection by developing a fever to kill pathogens that have begun to multiply, also by our body can cause inflammation sending more blood to an infected area allowing for more WBC to fight the infection.